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Variability in Bacteria and Virus-Like Particle Abundances During Purging of Unconfined Aquifers

机译：清除无限制含水层期间细菌和病毒样颗粒丰度的变化

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Standard methodologies for sampling the physicochemical conditions of groundwater recommend purging a bore for three bore volumes to avoid sampling the stagnant water within a bore and instead gain samples representative of the aquifer. However, there are currently no methodological standards addressing the amount of purging required to gain representative biological samples to assess groundwater bacterial and viral abundances. The objective of this study was to examine how bacterial and viral abundances change during the purging of bore volumes. Six bores infiltrating into unconfined aquifers were pumped for five or six bore volumes each and bacteria and virus-like particles (VLPs) were enumerated from each bore volume using flow cytometry. In examination of the individual bores trends in bacterial abundances were observed to increase, decrease, or remain constant with each purged bore volume. Furthermore, triplicates taken at each bore volume indicated substantial variations in VLP and bacterial abundances that are often larger than the differences between bore volumes. This indicates a high level of small scale heterogeneity in microbial community abundance in groundwater samples, and we suggest that this may be an intrinsic feature of bore biology. The heterogeneity observed may be driven by bottom up processes (variability in the distribution of organic and inorganic nutrients), top-down processes (grazing and viral lysis), physical heterogeneities in the bore, or technical artifacts associated with the purging process. We suggest that a more detailed understanding of the ecology underpinning this variability is required to adequately describe the microbiological characteristics of groundwater ecosystems.
机译：采样地下水理化条件的标准方法建议为三个钻孔体积清洗一个钻孔，以避免对钻孔中的积水进行采样，而是获取代表含水层的样本。但是，目前尚无方法学标准来解决获取代表性生物样品以评估地下水细菌和病毒丰度所需的净化量。这项研究的目的是研究在清除孔体积期间细菌和病毒的丰度如何变化。泵入渗入无侧限含水层的六个钻孔，每个钻孔的体积为五个或六个，并使用流式细胞仪从每个钻孔体积中枚举细菌和病毒样颗粒（VLP）。在检查单个孔时，观察到细菌丰度的趋势随着每个清除的孔体积的增加，减少或保持恒定。此外，在每个孔体积处一式三份表示VLP和细菌丰度的显着变化通常大于孔体积之间的差异。这表明地下水样品中微生物群落的丰度存在高水平的小规模异质性，我们建议这可能是钻孔生物学的固有特征。观察到的异质性可能是由自下而上的过程（有机和无机营养物分布的变化），自上而下的过程（放牧和病毒裂解），钻孔中的物理异质性或与吹扫过程相关的技术工件驱动的。我们建议需要更详细地了解支持这种可变性的生态，以充分描述地下水生态系统的微生物特征。

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  • 来源
    《Ground water》 |2014年第1期|118-124|共7页
  • 作者

    Ben Roudnew; Trish J. Lavery; Justin R. Seymour; Thomas C. Jeffries; James 6. Mitchell;

  • 作者单位

    School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, Australia;

    School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;

    School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia,Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster (C3),University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia;

    School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia,Plant Functional Biology and Climate Change Cluster (C3),University of Technology Sydney, PO Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia;

    School of Biological Sciences, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia;

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