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Viruses as Groundwater Tracers: Using Ecohydrology to Characterize Short Travel Times in Aquifers

机译:病毒作为地下水示踪剂:利用生态水文学表征含水层中短途旅行时间

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摘要

Viruses are attractive tracers of short (<3 year) travel times in aquifers because they have unique genetic signatures, are detectable in trace quantities, and are mobile in groundwater. Virus "snaphots" result from infection and disappearance in a population over time; therefore, the virus snapshot shed in the fecal wastes of an infected population at a specific point in time can serve as a marker for tracking virus and groundwater movement. The virus tracing approach and an example application are described to illustrate their ability to characterize travel times in high-groundwater velocity settings, and provide insight unavailable from standard hydrogeologic approaches. Although characterization of preferential flowpaths does not usually characterize the majority of other travel times occurring in the groundwater system (e.g., center of plume mass; tail of the breakthrough curve), virus approaches can trace very short times of transport, and thus can fill an important gap in our current hydrogeology toolbox.
机译:病毒是在含水层中传播时间短(<3年)的诱人示踪剂,因为它们具有独特的遗传特征,可以检测到痕量并且可以在地下水中移动。病毒“贪吃蛇”是由于一段时间内人群的感染和消失而引起的;因此,在特定时间点感染人群粪便中散落的病毒快照可以用作跟踪病毒和地下水运动的标记。描述了病毒追踪方法和示例应用程序,以说明它们表征高地下水速度设置中的传播时间的能力,并提供标准水文地质方法无法提供的见解。尽管优先流动路径的表征通常不能表征地下水系统中发生的其他大多数传播时间(例如,羽状质量中心;突破曲线的尾部),但是病毒途径可以追踪很短的运输时间,因此可以填充当前水文地质工具箱中的重要缺口。

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  • 来源
    《Ground water》 |2014年第2期|187-193|共7页
  • 作者单位

    US Geological Survey, Wisconsin Water Science Center, 8505 Research Way, Middleton, WI 53562;

    USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Environmentally Integrated Dairy Management Research Unit, Marshfield, WI 54449;

    Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, University of Wisconsin-Extension, Madison, WI 53705;

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