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Stratigraphic Control of Flow and Transport Characteristics

机译：流动和传输特征的地层控制

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摘要

Ground water flow and travel time are dependent on Stratigraphic architecture, which is governed by competing processes that control the spatial and temporal distribution of accommodation and sediment supply. Accommodation is the amount of space in which sediment may accumulate as defined by the difference between the energy gradient and the topographic surface. The temporal and spatial distribution of accommodation is affected by processes that change the distribution of energy (e.g., sea level or subsidence). Fluvial Stratigraphic units, generated by FLUVSIM (a Stratigraphic simulator based on accommodation and sediment supply), with varying magnitudes and causes of accommodation, were incorporated into a hydraulic regime using MODFLOW (a ground water flow simulator), and particles were tracked using MODPATH (a particle-tracking algorithm). These experiments illustrate that the dominant type of accommodation process influences the degree of continuity of Stratigraphic units and thus affects ground water flow and transport. When the hydraulic gradient is parallel to the axis of the fluvial system in the deposi-tional environment, shorter travel times occur in low-total accommodation environments and longer travel times in high-total accommodation environments. Given the same total accommodation, travel times are longer when sea-level change is the dominant process than those in systems dominated by subsidence.
机译：地下水的流量和传播时间取决于地层结构，而地层结构是由相互竞争的过程控制的，这些过程控制着住房和沉积物供应的时空分布。调节是指沉积物可能在其中积聚的空间量，这取决于能量梯度和地形表面之间的差异。住房的时空分布受到改变能量分布（例如，海平面或沉降）的过程的影响。使用MODFLOW（地下水流动模拟器）将由FLUVSIM（基于住宿和沉积物供应的地层模拟器）产生的河流地层单位（具有不同的大小和原因）整合到水力状态中，并使用MODPATH（粒子跟踪算法）。这些实验表明，调节过程的主要类型影响地层单元的连续程度，从而影响地下水的流动和输送。在沉积环境中，当水力梯度平行于河流系统的轴线时，在低总居住环境中的行驶时间较短，而在高总居住环境中的行驶时间较长。在相同的总住宿条件下，以海平面变化为主导过程的航行时间要长于以沉降为主的系统的航行时间。

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