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Analysis of Recharge-Induced Geochemical Change in a Contaminated Aquifer

机译：补给引起的含水层中地球化学变化的分析

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Recharge events that deliver electron acceptors such as O_2, NO_3, SO_4, and Fe~(3+) to anaerobic, contaminated aquifers are likely important for natural attenuation processes. However, the specific influence of recharge on (bio)geochemical processes in ground water systems is not well understood. The impact of a moderate-sized recharge event on ground water chemistry was evaluated at a shallow, sandy aquifer contaminated with waste fuels and chlorinated solvents. Multivariate statistical analyses coupled with three-dimensional visualization were used to analyze ground water chemistry data (including redox indicators, major ions, and physical parameters) to reveal associations between chemical parameters and to infer processes within the ground water plume. Factor analysis indicated that dominant chemical associations and their interpreted processes (anaerobic and aerobic microbial processes, mineral precipitation/dissolution, and temperature effects) did not change significantly after the spring recharge event of 2000. However, the relative importance of each of these processes within the plume changed. After the recharge event, the overall importance of aerobic processes increased from the fourth to the second most important factor, representing the variability within the data set. The anaerobic signatures became more complex, suggesting that zones with multiple terminal electron-accepting processes (TEAPs) likely occur in the same water mass. Three-dimensional visualization of well clusters showed that water samples with similar chemical associations occurred in distinct water masses within the aquifer. Water mass distinctions were not based on dominant TEAPs, suggesting that the recharge effects on TEAPs occurred primarily at the interface between infiltrating recharge water and the aquifer.
机译：将诸如O_2，NO_3，SO_4和Fe〜（3+）等电子受体传递到厌氧，受污染的含水层的补给事件对于自然衰减过程可能很重要。但是，补给对地下水系统中（生物）地球化学过程的特定影响尚不十分清楚。在被废燃料和氯化溶剂污染的浅沙质含水层中，评估了中等规模补给事件对地下水化学的影响。多变量统计分析与三维可视化结合用于分析地下水化学数据（包括氧化还原指示剂，主要离子和物理参数），以揭示化学参数之间的关联并推断地下水羽流中的过程。因子分析表明，在2000年春季补给事件发生后，主要的化学缔合及其解释的过程（厌氧和好氧微生物过程，矿物质沉淀/溶解和温度影响）没有显着变化。但是，这些过程中每个过程的相对重要性在羽毛改变了。补给事件发生后，有氧过程的整体重要性从第四个最重要的因素增加到第二个最重要的因素，代表了数据集内的可变性。厌氧信号变得更加复杂，表明具有多个末端电子接受过程（TEAP）的区域可能出现在相同的水团中。井群的三维可视化显示，具有相似化学缔合的水样出现在含水层内不同的水团中。水质的区别不是基于主要的TEAP，这表明对TEAP的补给作用主要发生在渗透补给水与含水层之间的界面处。

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