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Delineating Alluvial Aquifer Heterogeneity Using Resistivity and GPR Data

机译：使用电阻率和GPR数据描述冲积层非均质性

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Conceptual geological models based on geophysical data can elucidate aquifer architecture and heterogeneity at meter and smaller scales, which can lead to better predictions of preferential flow pathways. The macrodisper-sion experiment (MADE) site, with > 2000 measurements of hydraulic conductivity obtained and three tracer tests conducted, serves as an ideal natural laboratory for examining relationships between subsurface flow characteristics and geophysical attributes in fluvial aquifers. The spatial variation of hydraulic conductivity measurements indicates a large degree of site heterogeneity. To evaluate the usefulness of geophysical methods for better delineating fluvial aquifer heterogeneities and distribution of preferential flow paths, a surface grid of two-dimensional ground penetrating radar (GPR) and direct current (DC) resistivity data were collected. A geological model was developed from these data that delineate four stratigraphic units with distinct electrical and radar properties including (from top to bottom) (1) a meandering fluvial system (MFS); (2) a braided fluvial system (BFS); (3) fine-grained sands; and (4) a clay-rich interval. A paleochannel, inferred by other authors to affect flow, was mapped in the MFS with both DC resistivity and GPR data. The channel is 2 to 4 m deep and, based on resistivity values, is predominantly filled with clay and silt. Comparing previously collected hydraulic conductivity measurements and tracer-plume migration patterns to the geological model indicates that flow primarily occurs in the BFS and that the channel mapped in the MFS has no influence on plume migration patterns.
机译：基于地球物理数据的概念性地质模型可以阐明米级或更小规模的含水层结构和非均质性，从而可以更好地预测优先流动路径。宏观分散实验（MADE）站点具有> 2000的水力传导率测量值，并进行了三次示踪剂测试，是检查河流含水层中地下流动特征与地球物理属性之间关系的理想自然实验室。水力传导率测量值的空间变化表明很大程度的场地异质性。为了评估地球物理方法对更好地描述河流含水层非均质性和优先流径分布的有用性，收集了二维探地雷达（GPR）和直流（DC）电阻率数据的表面网格。根据这些数据开发了一个地质模型，该模型描述了具有不同电学和雷达特性的四个地层单元，包括（从上到下）（1）蜿蜒的河流系统（MFS）； （2）编织河流系统（BFS）； （三）细沙； （4）富含粘土的区间。由其他作者推断影响流量的古河道已在MFS中同时绘制了直流电阻率和GPR数据。通道深2至4 m，根据电阻率值，主要填充有粘土和淤泥。将先前收集的水力传导率测量值和示踪剂-岩屑迁移模式与地质模型进行比较，表明流量主要发生在BFS中，MFS中映射的通道对羽流迁移模式没有影响。

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