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The Standard Model

机译:标准型号

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A cosmological model is a model of our Universe, taking into account and using all known physical laws, predicts (approximately) correctly the observed properties of the Universe, and in particular explains in detail the phenomena in the early Universe. In a more restricted sense cosmological models are solutions of Einstein's field equations for a perfect fluid that reproduce the important features of our Universe. All cosmological models which differ only near the origin of the Universe must be accepted as equally valid. In fact a series of solutions are known which are initially inhomogeneous or anisotropic to a high degree, and which then increasingly come to approximate the observed Universe. All cosmological models which yield a red-shift(z) and a cosmic background radiation can hardly be refuted. The possibility cannot be excluded that our Universe is neither homogeneous nor isotropic, but has those properties only approximately in our neighborhood. Every model is of course a great simplification of reality, and only by the study of many solutions can one establish which simplifications are allowed and which assumptions are essential.
机译:宇宙学模型是我们宇宙的模型,考虑并使用所有已知的物理定律,可以(近似)正确地预测宇宙的观测特性,尤其是详细解释早期宇宙中的现象。从更严格的意义上说,宇宙学模型是爱因斯坦关于完美流体的场方程的解,它再现了我们宇宙的重要特征。所有仅在宇宙起源附近不同的宇宙学模型必须被接受为同等有效。实际上,已知一系列解决方案,这些解决方案最初是高度不均匀或各向异性的,然后逐渐变得接近于所观察到的宇宙。几乎所有的产生红移(z)和宇宙背景辐射的宇宙学模型都不能被反驳。不能排除我们的宇宙既不是同质的也不是各向同性的,而是仅在我们附近具有这些性质的可能性。当然,每种模型都是对现实的极大简化,只有通过研究许多解决方案,才能确定允许哪些简化和哪些假设必不可少。

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    《Hadronic Journal》 |2011年第1期|p.3-18|共16页
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