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The role of heterocytes in the physiology and ecology of bloom-forming harmful cyanobacteria

机译：异源细胞在开花形成有害蓝细菌的生理和生态中的作用

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摘要

Dolichospermum flos-aquae and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii are two cyanobacteria species which cause harmful blooms around the world. Both these species share the capacity to fix atmospheric nitrogen in heterocytes (cell where fixation occurs). While Dolichospermum can express heterocytes at rather regular intervals across the filament, Cylindrospermopsis can only express heterocytes at the end of the filament. The aim of this study was to experimentally assess the role of heterocyte position in the eco-physiological responses of these bloom forming cyanobacteria. Replicated monocultures of each species were grown at different eutrophication scenarios (limiting and sufficient nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, in factorial design). Dolichospermum reached high biomass regardless of the nitrogen (and phosphorus) provided, suggesting that this species could bloom in situations with and without nitrogen limitation. In contrast, Cylindrospermopsis reached high biomass only when nitrogen supply was high; its biomass was 15-20 times lower when relying on nitrogen fixation. Hence, despite its ability to fix nitrogen, blooms of Cylindrospermopsis would be expected only under high total nitrogen availability. In Dolichospermum heterocytes occurred only in the scenarios without supplied nitrogen while in Cylindrospermopsis heterocytes occurred regardless of nitrogen availability. Yet, in both species nitrogen fixation occurred (heterocytes were functional) only when nitrogen was limiting, and nitrogen fixation increased significantly at higher phosphorus concentration. Finally, in the absence of supplied nitrogen, filament length in Dolichospermum was the longest, while filaments in Cylindrospermopsis were the shortest (up to 13 times shorter than at nitrogen sufficiency). Therefore, heterocyte expression in Dolichospermum, and filament length in Cylindrospermopsis seem good proxies of nitrogen fixation. The eco-physiological responses recorded here help understand the distribution of these species along nutrient gradients in nature. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：淡水杜鹃和圆环拟青冈是两个蓝细菌，它们在世界范围内引起有害的水华。这两个物种都有固定异种细胞（固定发生的细胞）中大气氮的能力。尽管Dolichospermum可以在整个细丝上以规则的间隔表达杂细胞，但Cylindrospermopsis只能在细丝末端表达杂细胞。这项研究的目的是通过实验评估异种细胞位置在这些形成蓝藻的水华的生态生理反应中的作用。每个物种的重复单培养都在不同的富营养化情况下进行（在析因设计中限制了氮和磷的浓度，使其充分富集）。不论提供的氮（和磷）如何，杜鹃花的生物量都很高，这表明该物种可能在有和没有氮限制的情况下开花。相反，仅当氮供应高时，圆柱精子才达到高生物量。依靠固氮，其生物量降低了15-20倍。因此，尽管其具有固氮的能力，但只有在总氮利用率高的情况下，才会预期会产生蓝藻。在Dolichospermum中，杂细胞仅在没有提供氮的情况下发生，而在Cylindrospermopsis中，杂细胞则与氮的可利用性无关。然而，在两种物种中，只有当氮受到限制时，才会发生固氮作用（异种细胞具有功能），而在较高的磷浓度下固氮作用会显着增加。最后，在没有氮供应的情况下，Dolichospermum中的花丝长度最长，而Cylindrospermopsis中的花丝长度最短（最多比氮充足时短13倍）。因此，Dolichospermum中的异种细胞表达和Cylindrospermopsis中的细丝长度似乎是固氮的良好代表。此处记录的生态生理响应有助于了解这些物种沿自然界中的营养梯度分布。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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  • 来源
    《Harmful Algae》 |2016年第12期|131-138|共8页
  • 作者

    Yema Lilen; Litchman Elena; de Tezanos Pintoa Paula;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Lab Limnol, IEGEBA CONICET UBA,Dept Ecol Genet & Evolut, Lab 44,4to Piso,Pab 2,Intendente Guiraldes 2620, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina;

    Michigan State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, 3700 East Gull Lake Dr, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA;

    Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Lab Limnol, IEGEBA CONICET UBA,Dept Ecol Genet & Evolut, Lab 44,4to Piso,Pab 2,Intendente Guiraldes 2620, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina|Michigan State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Ecol Evolutionary Biol & Behav Program, WK Kellogg Biol Stn, 3700 East Gull Lake Dr, Hickory Corners, MI 49060 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Nostocales; Heterocyte; Phosphorus; Nitrogen fixation; Dolichospermum; Cylindrospermopsis;

    机译：野猪;红细胞;磷;固氮;紫草;圆柏;

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