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Nutrients released from decaying fish support microbial growth in the eastern Gulf of Mexico

机译：腐烂鱼类释放的营养物质支持墨西哥东部海湾的微生物生长

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摘要

To investigate nutrient release from decaying fish carcasses as a potential source fueling blooms of the toxic dinoflagellate, Karenia brevis (C.C. Davis) G. Hansen & 0. Moestrup this study evaluated the type and quantity of nutrients (nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and carbon (C) released from decaying fish using both wet chemistry and compound specific (Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, FT-ICR MS) techniques. A 3 day bioassay experiment was then conducted to examine how eutrophic (Charlotte Harbor, CH) and oligotrophic (Blue Water, BW) microbial communities in the eastern Gulf of Mexico (GoM) respond to fish-derived nutrients (FDN) relative to other in situ N sources. Decaying fish released a suite of compounds, primarily in the form of ammonium (NH_4~+); release rates ranged from 37.7 ± 12.6 to 102.3 ± 4.7 μmol N L~(-1) g~(-1) wet wt. d~(-1). Phosphate release was 13.9 ± 2.8 to 21.4 ± 2.9 μmol P L~(-1) g~(-1) wet wt. d~(-1). A total of 3515 organic compounds were produced, which were dominated by lipid and protein-like compounds. In the bioassay, FDN were utilized by microbial communities collected from both CH and BW, with complete drawdown of fish-derived NH_4~+ in the CH treatment in conjunction with a 3-fold increase in Chl a. FDN provided the necessary nutrients to alleviate P limitation in the BW treatment, resulting in a 13-fold increase in Chl a. Results from this experiment indicate FDN are important N and P sources to the microbial community along the eastern GoM and have important implications for maintenance of associated ichthyotoxic K. brevis blooms.
机译：为了研究腐烂鱼尸体释放的养分作为潜在的有毒鞭毛鞭毛的来源，短小Karenia（CC Davis）G. Hansen＆0。Moestrup这项研究评估了养分的类型和数量（氮（N），磷（P） ），以及使用湿化学法和化合物特异性（傅立叶变换离子回旋共振质谱，FT-ICR MS）技术从腐烂鱼中释放出的碳（C），然后进行了为期3天的生物测定实验，以研究富营养化的状况（夏洛特港，墨西哥湾东部（GoM）的甲烷（CH）和贫营养（Blue Water，BW）微生物群落对鱼类衍生的营养素（FDN）的反应相对于其他原位N来源。腐烂的鱼类释放了一系列化合物，主要形式为NH_4〜+（NH_4〜+）;释放速率为37.7±12.6至102.3±4.7μmolNL〜（-1）g〜（-1）湿重d〜（-1）。磷酸盐释放为13.9±2.8至21.4 ±2.9μmolPL〜（-1）g〜（-1）湿重d〜（-1）共3515种有机化合物产生了s，主要由脂质和类蛋白化合物组成。在生物测定中，从CH和BW收集的微生物群落都利用了FDN，在CH处理中鱼源性NH_4〜+的完全吸收以及Chla的3倍增加。 FDN提供了必要的养分，以减轻BW处理中的P限制，导致Chla含量增加13倍。该实验的结果表明，FDN是GoM东部沿线微生物群落的重要N和P来源，对于维持相关的鱼鳞毒素短短K. blovis开花具有重要意义。

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  • 来源
    《Harmful Algae》 |2014年第9期|40-49|共10页
  • 作者

    Lynn Killberg-Thoreson; Rachel E. Sipler; Cynthia A. Heil; Matthew J. Garrett; Quinn N. Roberts; Deborah A. Bronk;

  • 作者单位

    Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA;

    Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA;

    Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 100 Eighth Avenue Southeast, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA,Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, P.O. Box 475, West Boothbay Harbor, ME 04575, USA;

    Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, 100 Eighth Avenue Southeast, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;

    Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA;

    Virginia Institute of Marine Science, The College of William & Mary, P.O. Box 1346, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Ammonium; Fish kill; Karenia brevis; Nitrogen;

    机译：铵;鱼杀;卡列尼亚·布雷维斯;氮;

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