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首页> 外文期刊>Harmful Algae >Influence of daylight surface aggregation behavior on nutrient cycling during a Karenia brevis (Davis) G. Hansen & O. Moestrup bloom: Migration to the surface as a nutrient acquisition strategy
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Influence of daylight surface aggregation behavior on nutrient cycling during a Karenia brevis (Davis) G. Hansen & O. Moestrup bloom: Migration to the surface as a nutrient acquisition strategy

机译：日光表面聚集行为对短小克雷伯氏菌（Davis）中的养分循环的影响G. Hansen＆O. est花期：作为养分获取策略迁移到地表

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摘要

The toxic HAB dinoflagellate Karenia brevis (Davis) G. Hansen & 0. Moestrup (formerly Cymnodinium breve) exhibits a migratory pattern atypical of dinoflagellates: cells concentrate in a narrow (～0-5 cm) band at the water surface during daylight hours due to phototactic and negative geotactic responses, then disperse downward at night via non-tactic, random swimming. The hypothesis that this daylight surface aggregation behavior significantly influences bacterial and algal productivity and nutrient cycling within blooms was tested during a large, high biomass (chlorophyll a ＞ 19 μg L～(-1)) K. brevis bloom in October of 2001 by examining the effects of this surface layer aggregation on inorganic and organic nutrient concentrations, cellular nitrogen uptake, primary and bacterial productivity and the stable isotopic signature (δ～(15)N, δ～(13)C) of particulate material. During daylight hours, concentrations of K. brevis and chlorophyll a in the 0-5 cm surface layer were enhanced by 131% (±241%) and 32.1% (±86.1%) respectively compared with an integrated water sample collection over a 0-1 m depth. Inorganic (NH_4, NO_(3+2), PO_4, SiO_4) and organic (DOP, DON) nutrient concentrations were also elevated within the surface layer as was both bacterial and primary productivity. Uptake of nitrogen (NH_4～+, NO_3～-, urea, dissolved primary amines, glutamine and alanine) compounds by K. brevis was greatest in the surface layer for all compounds tested, with the greatest enhancement evident in urea uptake rates, from 0.08 x 10～(-5) ng N K. brevis cell～(-1) h～(-1) to 3.1 x 10～(-5) ng N K. brevis cell～(-1) h～(-1). These data suggests that this surface aggregation layer is not only an area of concentrated cells within K. brevis blooms, but also an area of increased biological activity and nutrient cycling, especially of nitrogen. Additionally, the classic dinoflagellate migration paradigm of a downward migration for access to elevated NO_3～- concentrations during the dark period may not apply to certain dinoflagellates such as K. brevis in oligotrophic nearshore areas with no significant nitricline. For these dinoflagellates, concentration within a narrow surface layer in blooms during daylight hours may enhance nutrient supply through biological cycling and photochemical nutrient regeneration.
机译：有毒的HAB鞭毛鞭毛藻（Davis）G. Hansen＆0. Moestrup（以前称为Cymnodinium breve）表现出典型的鞭毛鞭毛移栖模式：由于白天，细胞集中在水表面的狭窄带（〜0-5 cm）中对光战术反应和负面的地理反应做出反应，然后在夜间通过非战术，随机游泳向下扩散。通过在2001年10月观察到大量的高生物量（叶绿素a＞ 19μgL〜（-1））短小K. brevis花粉，检验了这种日光表面聚集行为会严重影响花粉中细菌和藻类生产力以及养分循环的假说。表面层聚集对颗粒物质无机和有机养分浓度，细胞氮吸收，初级和细菌生产力以及稳定的同位素特征（δ〜（15）N，δ〜（13）C）的影响。在白天，与在0-cm内的水样综合采集相比，在0-5 cm表层的短毛K.和叶绿素a的浓度分别提高了131％（±241％）和32.1％（±86.1％）。 1 m深度。表层的无机养分（NH_4，NO_（3 + 2），PO_4，SiO_4）和有机养分（DOP，DON）也增加，细菌和初级生产力也增加。 K. brevis在所有测试化合物的表层中对氮（NH_4〜+，NO_3〜-，尿素，溶解的伯胺，谷氨酰胺和丙氨酸）的吸收最大，明显地提高了尿素的吸收率，从0.08开始x 10〜（-5）ng N. brevis细胞〜（-1）h〜（-1）至3.1 x 10〜（-5）ng N. brevis细胞〜（-1）h〜（-1） 。这些数据表明，该表面聚集层不仅是短K.brevis花朵内浓缩细胞的区域，而且还是生物活性和养分循环（特别是氮）增加的区域。此外，在黑暗时期向下迁移以获取较高的NO_3〜-浓度的经典的鞭毛藻迁移模式可能不适用于某些寡鞭毛藻，例如在贫营养的近岸地区没有明显硝化作用的短小K. brevis。对于这些鞭毛鞭毛虫，白天白天在花朵的狭窄表层中集中可能会通过生物循环和光化学养分再生来增强养分供应。

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  • 来源
    《Harmful Algae》 |2014年第9期|86-94|共9页
  • 作者

    Cynthia A. Heil; Deborah A. Bronk; Margaret R. Mulholland; Judith M. ONeil; Peter W. Bernhardt; Sue Murasko; Julie A. Havens; Gabriel A. Vargo;

  • 作者单位

    Fish and Wildlife Research Institute, Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, 100 8th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA,Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, 60 Bigelow Drive, East Boothbay, ME 04544, USA;

    Department of Physical Sciences, The College of William & Mary, Virginia Institute of Marine Science, Gloucester Point, VA 23062, USA;

    Department of Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;

    University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Horn Point Environmental Laboratory, 2020 Horn Point Road, Cambridge, MD 21613, USA;

    Department of Ocean, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA;

    College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;

    College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;

    College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, 140 7th Avenue South, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Productivity; Karenia brevis; Migration; Surface aggregation;

    机译：生产率;卡列尼亚·布雷维斯;移民;表面聚集;

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