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首页> 外文期刊>Harmful Algae >Regional economic impacts of razor clam beach closures due to harmful algal blooms (HABs) on the Pacific coast of Washington
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Regional economic impacts of razor clam beach closures due to harmful algal blooms (HABs) on the Pacific coast of Washington

机译：华盛顿太平洋沿岸因有害藻华（HAB）而导致的剃刀蛤海滩关闭对区域经济的影响

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摘要

Visitor spending in the recreational razor clam fishery positively impacts the coastal economies of Grays Harbor and Pacific counties in Washington State. Since 1991 the fishery has frequently closed due to harmful algal blooms (HABs). These events reduce or eliminate recreational clam-related visitor spending. We develop an economic impact model, based on recreationists' spending, to estimate the economic impacts of these closures. To estimate visitor expenditure patterns, questionnaires were distributed in April of 2008 to an on-site sample of clammers at four beaches on Washington's Pacific coast: Mocrocks, Copalis, Twin Harbors, and Long Beach. Based upon responses from 240 parties, the average expenditure per party ranged from $268.77 at Mocrocks beach to $412.67 at Long Beach. Overall expenditures for the 2007-2008 season were estimated at $24.4 million. A regional input-output model was used to estimate that the fishery had the local economic impact of supporting 404 full-time equivalent jobs and $12.6 million in labor income. To estimate negative impacts of HAB closures, expected visitor expenditures are adjusted to account for visitors' stated intentions when razor clamming is unavailable. For a full year closure of all four beaches, the estimated negative economic impact is a loss of support from the razor clam fishery impacting 339 full-time equivalent jobs and $10.6 million of labor income in the two counties. Further, impacts were calculated for beach closures ranging from a single (2-5 days) season opening to a full year, for individual beaches and combinations of beaches. As expected, the closing of a single opening at one beach had the smallest economic impacts, while whole season closures at multiple beaches had the largest impact.
机译：访客在休闲剃刀蛤类渔业中的消费对华盛顿州的格雷斯港和太平洋县的沿海经济产生了积极影响。自1991年以来，由于有害藻华（HABs），渔业经常关闭。这些事件减少或消除了与休闲蛤相关的游客消费。我们基于休闲者的支出，开发了一个经济影响模型，以估算这些停业带来的经济影响。为了估计游客的支出方式，2008年4月向华盛顿太平洋沿岸的四个海滩（莫克（Mocrocks），科帕利斯（Copalis），双港（Twin Harbors）和长滩（Long Beach））的蛤仔现场抽样调查表。根据240个政党的回应，每个政党的平均支出从Mocrocks海滩的$ 268.77到Long Beach的$ 412.67不等。 2007-2008赛季的总支出估计为2,440万美元。使用区域投入产出模型估计，渔业对当地经济产生了影响，可提供404个全职当量工作和1,260万美元的劳动收入。为了估计关闭HAB的负面影响，在没有剃须刀堵塞的情况下，将调整预期的访客支出以考虑访客的既定意图。对于所有四个海滩的全年关闭而言，估计的负面经济影响是剃刀蛤捕捞业失去了支持，这两个县的339个全职当量工作和1060万美元的劳动收入受到影响。此外，对于单个海滩和海滩组合，计算了从单个季节（2-5天）开放到全年的海滩关闭的影响。不出所料，关闭一个海滩的单个洞口对经济的影响最小，而关闭多个海滩的整个季节影响最大。

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