• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Harmful Algae >The response of zooplankton and phytoplankton from the North American Great Lakes to filtration
【24h】

The response of zooplankton and phytoplankton from the North American Great Lakes to filtration

机译：北美五大湖浮游动物和浮游植物对过滤的响应

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Filtration of ballast water was investigated as a means of minimizing the introduction of nonindigenous zooplankton and phytoplankton by ships visiting the North American Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Seaway system (GLSLSS). An automatic backwash screen filtration (ABSF) system with nominal filtration options of 25, 50 or 100 μm was mounted on the deck of an operating Seaway-sized dry bulk carrier, the MV Algonorth. Water was pumped through the ABSF with a deck mounted pump at 341 m~3 hr~(-1) during routine ship operations in the GLSLSS, and effectiveness of the various screen pore sizes at removing taxonomic categories of zooplankton and phytoplankton was measured using matched treatment and control ballast tanks. The smallest pore sizes (25 and 50 μm) performed better than the 100 μm pore size at removing biological material. There was no difference in the filtration efficiency of the 25 and 50 μm screens relative to macro- or microzooplankton in these tests, but this result was probably due to low densities of macrozooplankton, and soft-bodied (aloricate) characteristics of the microzooplankton present. The 25 and 50 μm pore sizes were subjected to more controlled tests on board a stationary barge platform equipped with triplicate 700 L catchment bins moored in Duluth Harbor of Lake Superior. In these tests, filter pore size, organism size and rigidity influenced zooplankton removal efficiency by the ABSF. The 25 μm screen reduced both macrozooplankton and microzooplankton significantly more than the 50 μm screen. Zooplankton width was more determinative of filtration performance than length, and both filters removed loricate species of rotifers significantly more efficiently than aloricate species of the same length and width size classes. The 25 and 50 μm ABSF also significantly reduced algal densities, with the exception of colonial and filamentous green algae (50 μm only). Filter efficiency relative to algal particles was influenced by filter pore size, organism morphology and structure, and intake density, while algal particle size was not determinative. This research provides compelling evidence that 25 or 50 μm filtration is a potentially powerful means of reducing densities of organisms discharged by ships operating in the Great Lakes but an additional treatment step would be necessary to effectively minimize risk and meet the International Maritime Organization's discharge standards associated with organisms of all sizes in the water column.
机译：对压载水的过滤进行了研究，以最大程度地减少访问北美大湖区-圣彼得斯堡的船只对非本地浮游动物和浮游植物的引入。劳伦斯海路系统（GLSLSS）。在工作的Seaway尺寸干散货船MV Algonorth的甲板上安装了标称过滤选项为25、50或100μm的自动反冲洗筛网过滤（ABSF）系统。在GLSLSS的常规船舶操作过程中，用水在341 m〜3 hr〜（-1）处通过甲板安装泵通过ABSF泵抽水，并使用相匹配的方法测量了各种筛孔尺寸在去除浮游动物和浮游生物分类类别方面的有效性处理和控制压载舱。在去除生物材料时，最小孔径（25和50μm）的性能优于100μm。在这些测试中，相对于大浮游动物或微浮游动物的25和50μm滤网的过滤效率没有差异，但是此结果可能是由于大浮游动物的密度低以及存在的微浮游动物的柔体（aloricate）特性造成的。在固定驳船平台上对25和50μm的孔径进行了更严格的测试，该平台配备了三次停泊在苏必利尔湖德卢斯港的一式三份700 L集水箱。在这些测试中，ABSF过滤器的孔径，生物尺寸和刚度影响浮游动物的去除效率。 25μm的筛网比50μm的筛网显着减少了巨藻和微藻。浮游动物的宽度比长度更能决定过滤性能，而且两个过滤器都比同等长度和宽度尺寸类别的藻类物种更有效地去除轮虫的有叶物种。除了殖民地和丝状绿藻（仅50μm）外，25和50μmABSF还显着降低了藻类密度。相对于藻类颗粒的过滤器效率受过滤器孔径，生物形态和结构以及进水密度的影响，而藻类颗粒的大小不确定。这项研究提供了令人信服的证据，即25微米或50微米的过滤是降低在大湖地区航行的船舶所排放的生物的密度的潜在有效手段，但是必须采取额外的处理步骤才能有效地降低风险并达到国际海事组织的相关排放标准水柱中有各种大小的生物。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号