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首页> 外文期刊>Harmful Algae >Time-dependent changes in hemocytes of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, and northern bay scallops, Argopecten irradians irradians, exposed to a cultured strain of Prorocentrum minimum
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Time-dependent changes in hemocytes of eastern oysters, Crassostrea virginica, and northern bay scallops, Argopecten irradians irradians, exposed to a cultured strain of Prorocentrum minimum

机译：暴露于极小原中心培养菌株的东部牡蛎，Crassostrea virginica和北部海湾扇贝Argopecten irradians irradians血细胞的时间依赖性变化

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Juvenile oysters and scallops were exposed, under controlled laboratory conditions, to bloom concentrations of a cultured dinoflagellate with demonstrated lethal and sub-lethal, pathological effects upon these bivalves. Immune status of the mollusks was assessed periodically, using flow-cytometric hemocyte analyses for hematological characteristics and several hemocyte functions, during 7 days of continuous exposure. Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was used to develop correlative profiles of immune status of affected and unaffected shellfish, and Multifactor Analysis of Variance using PCA results as the dependent variable was conducted to test effects of P. minimum and time of exposure, as well as interactions of these two factors, upon immune status. For both oysters and scallops, P. minimum exposure had a significant effect upon immune profile, and this effect was dependent upon duration of exposure. The most pronounced effects of 7-day exposure of both oysters and scallops were increases in granulocyte percentage and dead hemocytes, following an initial (1-day) boost in hyalinocyte number. Changes in hemocyte function attendant with shifts in hyalinocyte/granulocyte ratio were observed as well. This is the first report of which we are aware demonstrating immunological effects of a harmful alga upon the immune system of grazing mollusks. The finding that immune-system effects of this representative HAB are dependent upon duration of exposure has likely ecological relevance considering the growing consensus that the extent and severity of HAB's are increasing worldwide.
机译：在受控的实验室条件下，将牡蛎牡蛎和扇贝暴露于培养的鞭毛藻的盛开浓度中，并对这些双壳类动物显示出致命的致死和亚致死性病理影响。在连续暴露的7天中，使用流式细胞术血细胞分析方法定期评估软体动物的免疫状态，以了解血液学特征和几种血细胞功能。主成分分析（PCA）用于建立受影响和未受影响贝类免疫状态的相关特征图，并使用PCA结果作为因变量进行方差多因素分析，以测试P.最小值和暴露时间的影响，以及这两个因素的相互作用取决于免疫状态。对牡蛎和扇贝而言，最小暴露量均对免疫状况有显着影响，而这种影响取决于暴露时间。最初（1天）增加透明质红细胞数量后，牡蛎和扇贝暴露7天的最明显影响是粒细胞百分比和死血细胞的增加。还观察到伴随透明质细胞/粒细胞比率改变的血细胞功能变化。这是我们知道的第一份报告，该报告证明了有害藻类对放牧软体动物免疫系统的免疫学作用。考虑到全球范围内对HAB的程度和严重性日益增加的共识，发现该代表性HAB的免疫系统作用取决于暴露持续时间的发现可能具有生态意义。

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