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The kinetics and mechanisms of fouling in crude oil heat transfer

机译：原油传热中的结垢动力学及其机理

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摘要

Fouling in heat exchangers is the unwanted buildup of material on the heat exchange surface which reduces thermal efficiency. The crude preheat train usually consists of a set of heat exchangers which tend to become fouled. Crude oil fouling can be described by the following steps: formation of particles (either by chemical reaction, corrosion or asphaltene precipitation); transport to the surface; adsorption of fluid constituents; desorption of the fouling product; transport of the fouling product to the bulk fluid. Assuming the single steps are rate controlling, fouling rate equations were developed which show the influence of the main variables fluid velocity and temperature on the fouling rate. All steps were assumed to be in series. The developed equations were used to determine the controlling step of fouling by comparing experimental data. The results show that no matter what the fouling mechanism was, the effects of velocity and temperature on fouling rates could best be described with the developed equations for fouling controlled by adsorption. This leads to the assumption that either single steps or a binary combination of steps affect the fouling process, with adsorption always being a decisive step.
机译：热交换器中的结垢是材料在热交换表面上的不必要堆积，从而降低了热效率。粗制的预热机组通常由一组容易结垢的热交换器组成。原油结垢可通过以下步骤进行描述：颗粒的形成（通过化学反应，腐蚀或沥青质沉淀）;运输到地面;吸收流体成分;结垢产物的解吸;将结垢产品运输到散装液体中。假设单个步骤是速率控制的，则建立了结垢速率方程，该方程显示了主要变量流体速度和温度对结垢速率的影响。假定所有步骤都是连续的。通过比较实验数据，使用所开发的方程式确定结垢的控制步骤。结果表明，无论结垢机理是什么，速度和温度对结垢速率的影响都可以用吸附控制的结垢方程来最好地描述。这导致一个假设，即单个步骤或步骤的二元组合都会影响结垢过程，而吸附始终是决定性步骤。

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  • 来源
    《Heat Transfer Engineering》 |2020年第10期|691-707|共17页
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  • 作者单位

    Prozess Optimal CAP GmbH Ottensheim Austria;

    Prozess Optimal Cap GmbH Vorau Austria;

    Institut fuer Chemische Verfahrenstechnik und Umwelttechnik TU Graz Graz Austria;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);
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