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Heat transfer in dusty fluid with suspended hybrid nanoparticles over a melting surface

机译：在熔化表面上用悬浮的杂合纳米颗粒在尘埃液中的热传递

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摘要

The melting effect with the magnetic field performs a significant role in various manufacturing and industrial applications, such as welding, casting, magma-solidification, nuclear engineering, and so forth. The present study focuses on the impact of the melting effect and magnetic field with inhomogeneous heat origination and sink. The formulation of the mathematical model is done by considering fluid with hybrid nanoparticles and dust particles in two different phases. We have considered Fe_2SO_4 and Cu as nanoparticles dispersed in the base fluid water along with suspended dust particles. The set of partial differential equations is reduced by using apt similarity variables and boundary conditions to obtain ordinary differential equations. The numerical solution is approximated using MATLAB-bvp4c adopting the shooting technique. The impact of numerous pertinent physical parameters on the velocity and thermal profiles is plotted and deliberated. Furthermore, the rate of heat flow and friction factor is also tabulated and visualized through the graphs. Streamlines are also drawn to know the behavior of the fluid flow. The rise in values of M_E quickly increases the velocity of the fluid motion but declines the thermal gradient and thickness of its related boundary layer. Also, inclining values of Pr enhance the thermal profile due to the impact of melting.
机译：与磁场的熔化效果在各种制造和工业应用中表现了重要作用，例如焊接，铸造，岩浆 - 凝固，核工程等。本研究重点介绍了熔化效应和磁场与不均匀热源和水槽的影响。通过考虑杂交纳米颗粒和两种不同阶段的粉尘颗粒来完成数学模型的制剂。我们已经考虑了Fe_2SO_4和Cu，因为纳米粒子分散在基础流体水中以及悬浮的粉尘颗粒中。通过使用APT的相似变量和边界条件来降低局部微分方程的一组部分微分方程。使用采用拍摄技术的MATLAB-BVP4C近似值。绘制和审议了许多相关物理参数对速度和热剖面的影响。此外，通过曲线图，还制表和可视化热流和摩擦系数的速率。简化还绘制以了解流体流动的行为。 M_E的值的上升迅速增加了流体运动的速度，但是下降其相关边界层的热梯度和厚度。而且，由于熔化的影响，Pr的倾斜值增强了热曲线。

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