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首页> 外文期刊>The holocene >Oyster reef die-offs in stratigraphic record of Corpus Christi Bay, Texas, possibly caused by drought-driven extreme salinity changes
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Oyster reef die-offs in stratigraphic record of Corpus Christi Bay, Texas, possibly caused by drought-driven extreme salinity changes

机译：得克萨斯州科珀斯克里斯蒂湾地层记录中的牡蛎礁死亡，可能是由于干旱导致的极端盐度变化所致

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摘要

An ultra-high resolution acoustic reflection survey within Corpus Christi Bay, Texas, reveals numerous oyster reefs that have died off and been buried by subsequent sedimentation. The die-offs occurred in four temporal clusters, as evidenced by nearly coterminous capping horizons across multiple reef heads. These horizons can be correlated to published, calibrated radiocarbon dates ( 2-s uncertainty: +/- similar to 900 years) derived from cored sediments, and placed into the stratigraphic context. The reefs began growing with the initial flooding of the bay at similar to 9600 ybp. The first die-offs are coincident with the transition from upper bay to open bay environment at similar to 8140 ybp, with the greatest concentration of die-offs seaward. Subsequent die-offs occurred similar to 7600, 6870, and 5800 ybp, with a seaward-to-landward progression. These ages appear to either post-date or be concurrent with published periods of accelerated sea level rise of similar to 1-4 m. However, because bay oysters ( Crassostrea virginica) are robust with respect to salinity and depth changes, we cannot directly link die-offs with punctuated sea level rise. We hypothesize instead that reef die-offs are associated with extreme salinity changes caused by droughts, based on observations during the 1950s Texas drought. During that event, bay reefs were colonized by open-ocean species ( Crassostrea equestris), which gradually replaced bay oysters progressing seaward to landward in concentration. Subsequent flooding and rapid freshening of the bay caused massive mortality of the colonizing species. These floods also brought abundant fine-grained sedimentation that could bury reefs before they could be recolonized. Such a sequence of events could explain widespread early Holocene, seaward-to-landward oyster reef die-offs during times of more frequent and severe drought conditions. A plausible climatological link exists between periods of low rainfall in Texas and periods of accelerated melting of the polar ice cap, which could explain the evident correlation between reef die-off and sea level rise.
机译：得克萨斯州科珀斯克里斯蒂湾内的超高分辨率声反射调查显示，许多牡蛎礁已经死亡并被随后的沉积物掩埋。死亡发生在四个时间集群中，这由多个珊瑚礁头近乎一致的覆盖层位证明。这些层位可以与已发布的，经过校准的放射性碳数据日期（2-s不确定性：+/-类似于900年）相关联，这些数据来自有芯沉积物，并置于地层环境中。随着海湾最初的洪水淹没，礁石开始生长，大约为9600 ybp。第一次死亡的时间与从上海湾到开阔海湾的过渡相吻合，接近8140 ybp，死海的集中度最大。随后的死亡事件发生在类似于7600、6870和5800 ybp的位置，并有从海到陆的发展。这些年龄似乎是过时的，或者与已公布的加速海平面上升约1-4 m的时期同时发生。然而，由于海湾牡蛎（Crassostrea virginica）在盐度和深度变化方面很健壮，因此我们无法将枯死与海平面上升联系起来。相反，我们根据1950年代德克萨斯州干旱期间的观察结果，假设珊瑚礁的死亡与干旱引起的盐度极大变化有关。在那次事件中，海湾珊瑚礁被开阔海洋物种（Crassostrea equestris）定居，逐渐取代了从海到集中的牡蛎。随后的洪水泛滥和海湾的快速更新导致了殖民物种的大量死亡。这些洪水还带来了丰富的细颗粒沉积物，可以在重新定殖之前将珊瑚礁掩埋。这样的事件序列可以解释在更频繁和更严重的干旱条件下，全新世早期，从海到陆牡蛎礁的死亡。在得克萨斯州的降雨量少的时期和极地冰盖的加速融化的时期之间存在合理的气候联系，这可以解释礁石死亡与海平面上升之间的明显关联。

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  • 来源
    《The holocene》 |2016年第4期|511-519|共9页
  • 作者

    Goff John A.; Lugrin Lindsey; Gulick Sean P. S.; Thirumalai Kaustubh; Okumura Yuko;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Inst Geophys, JJ Pickle Res Campus,Bldg 196, Austin, TX 78758 USA;

    Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA;

    Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Inst Geophys, JJ Pickle Res Campus,Bldg 196, Austin, TX 78758 USA;

    Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Inst Geophys, JJ Pickle Res Campus,Bldg 196, Austin, TX 78758 USA|Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA;

    Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Inst Geophys, JJ Pickle Res Campus,Bldg 196, Austin, TX 78758 USA;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    CHIRP; Corpus Christi Bay; drought; Oyster reefs; salinity; sea level;

    机译：CHIRP;科珀斯克里斯蒂湾;干旱;牡蛎礁;盐度;海平面;

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