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首页> 外文期刊>The holocene >Palaeoenvironmental implications of the prehistorical catastrophes in relation to the Lajia Ruins within the Guanting Basin along the Upper Yellow River, China
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Palaeoenvironmental implications of the prehistorical catastrophes in relation to the Lajia Ruins within the Guanting Basin along the Upper Yellow River, China

机译：史前巨灾与中国黄河上游官厅盆地拉家遗址相关的古环境意义

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摘要

Archaeological excavations have exposed a shocking picture of the prehistorical catastrophes in the Lajia Ruins in the upper Yellow River. The grouped skeletons resting on the dwelling floors show a vivid scene of the mortal struggle of human being during catastrophes. Geological records of the major disasters in relation to the devastation of this prehistorical settlement were investigated by detailed field observations, sedimentological analysis and optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and ~(14)C dating. The results show that the prehistorical community of the Qijia Culture migrated into the Guanting Basin at c. 4200 yr BP. They chose the loess-blanketed riverbanks to build their settlement and cultivate millet crops. At c. 3950 yr BP, immediately followed by a major earthquake, the settlement was overtaken by immense mudflows coming along the tributary gullies from the hillsides behind. The enormous mudflows suddenly buried and destroyed the dwellings and killed the women and children at their homes. The source of the catastrophic mudflows was traced upslope to the gully heads behind the ruins, where the palaeoearthquake together with the rainstorms and flash floods induced enormous mass wasting on the hillsides. Referring to the causations of the catastrophic debris flows and landslides in the region, it is inferred that the soil erosion, mass wasting and accumulation of debris on the hillsides were intensified largely by human disturbance of the landscape by bush clearance from 6000 yr BP to 3950 yr BP. During the climate event of 4200-4000 yr BP, enhanced human activities and over-exploitation of natural resources increased the vulnerability of the communities to detrimental environmental change and catastrophe. This means that the prehistorical catastrophic mudflows were created partly by the early settlers themselves. These results are of important implications in understanding the prehistorical environmental change in the environmentally sensitive zones over the world.
机译：考古发掘揭示了黄河上游拉家遗址史前巨灾的惊人画面。搁置在住宅地板上的成群的骨骼展现了灾难期间人类的致命斗争的生动场面。通过详细的实地观察，沉积学分析以及光激发发光（OSL）和〜（14）C测年，研究了与该史前定居点的破坏有关的主要灾害的地质记录。结果表明，齐家文化的史前群落迁移到c的官厅盆地。 BP 4200年。他们选择了黄土覆盖的河岸，以建立定居点并种植小米作物。在c。 BP的3950年，紧接着发生大地震，从后面的山坡沿着支流沟流入的大量泥石流超过了该定居点。巨大的泥石流突然掩埋并摧毁了房屋，并杀死了妇女和儿童的家园。灾难性泥流的源头被追溯到废墟后面的沟壑处，那里的古地震以及暴雨和山洪导致山坡上发生了巨大的物质浪费。参照该地区灾难性泥石流和滑坡的原因，可以推断，由于6000 BP至3950年BP清除造成的人为景观干扰，山坡上的水土流失，大量浪费和泥石堆积在很大程度上加剧了年BP。在BP 4200-4000年的气候事件中，人类活动的增加和自然资源的过度开发增加了社区遭受不利的环境变化和灾难的脆弱性。这意味着史前的灾难性泥石流部分是由早期定居者自己创造的。这些结果对于理解世界范围内的环境敏感地区的史前环境变化具有重要意义。

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