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Human health risk assessment of arsenic in groundwater aquifers of Lahore, Pakistan

机译：巴基斯坦拉合尔地下水含水层中砷的人类健康风险评估

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摘要

The present study was conducted to estimate As concentration in groundwater and resulting human health risk in terms of chronic daily intake, hazard quotient (HQ), hazard index (HI), and carcinogenic risk (CR) both for oral and dermal exposure to As. Groundwater samples (n = 100) were collected from ten different towns of Lahore District (Pakistan). Arsenic concentration ranged from 2 to 111 mu g L-1 in groundwater samples of the study area, which was significantly greater than the safe limit of As (10 mu g L-1) in drinking water set by the World Health Organization. Health risk assessment of As showed that HQ (0.1-11) for oral exposure and HI (0.1-11) values also exceeded the typical toxic risk index value of 1. 9.75 x E-05-4.59 x E-03 and 5.89 x E-07-2.77 x E-05 for oral and dermal As exposure, respectively. Both CR and cancer index (CIs) values were higher than United States Environmental Protection Agency limit (10(-6)), suggesting that people are at high risk of As-induced carcinogenicity from oral and dermal exposure to As in drinking water. It was concluded that As contamination of groundwater causes carcinogenic and noncarcinogenic health effects to the people; therefore, urgent management and remedial actions are required to protect people from As poisoning.
机译：进行本研究的目的是通过长期和每日摄入量，口服和皮肤暴露于As的慢性每日摄入量，危害商（HQ），危害指数（HI）和致癌风险（CR）来估算地下水中As的浓度以及由此产生的人类健康风险。从巴基斯坦拉合尔地区的十个不同城镇收集了地下水样本（n = 100）。研究区域地下水样品中的砷浓度范围为2至111微克L-1，这大大高于世界卫生组织设定的饮用水中砷的安全限量（10微克L-1）。 As的健康风险评估显示，经口接触的HQ（0.1-11）和HI（0.1-11）值也超过了典型的毒性危险指数值1.。9.75 x E-05-4.59 x E-03和5.89 x E -07-2.77 x E-05分别用于口服和皮肤暴露。 CR和癌症指数（CIs）值均高于美国环境保护局的限值（10（-6）），表明人们因饮用水中口服和皮肤暴露于As而具有由As致癌的风险。结论是，由于地下水的污染会对人们造成致癌和非致癌的健康影响；因此，需要紧急管理和补救措施，以保护人们免受砷中毒。

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