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Mechanistic modeling of salmonellosis: Update and future directions

机译：沙门氏菌病的机械模型：更新和未来方向

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Microbial risk assessors often make simplifying assumptions that lead to the selection of simple concave functions with low-dose linearity, consistent with no-threshold and single-hit hypotheses, as default dose-response model forms. However, evidence is accumulating as the "microbiome revolution" progresses that challenge these assumptions that influence the estimates of the nature and magnitude of uncertainties associated with microbial risks. Scientific advances in the knowledge of the human "superorganism" (hybrid consortium of human plus microbial communities that cooperatively regulates health and disease) enable the design of definitive studies to estimate the pathogen doses overcome by the innate defenses, including the protective microbiota. The systematic investigation of the events of non-typhoid salmonellosis in humans undertaken nearly 2 decades ago was updated to incorporate recent scientific advances in the understanding of impact of the healthy superorganism that strengthens and extends the biological motivations for sublinear or convex dose-response curves in microbial risk assessment. The knowledge of colonization resistance (innate protection of the human superorganism from low doses of ingested pathogens) and microbiota-mediated clearance is advancing mechanistically for many pathosystems. However, until more detailed mechanistic data become available for salmonellosis, the consideration of a variety of empirical model forms is essential for depicting the uncertainty of the "true" dose-response model.
机译：微生物风险评估者通常会做出简化的假设，从而选择具有低剂量线性，符合无阈值和单击假设的简单凹函数，作为默认的剂量反应模型形式。但是，随着“微生物组革命”的进行，证据不断积累，挑战了这些假设，这些假设影响与微生物风险相关的不确定性的性质和大小的估计。人类“超生物”（人类与微生物群落的混合财团共同调节健康和疾病）知识的科学进步，使得确定性研究的设计能够估算出先天防御包括保护性微生物群所克服的病原体剂量。更新了将近20年前对人类非伤寒沙门氏菌事件的系统研究，以结合最新的科学进展，了解对健康超生物的影响，从而增强和扩展了亚线性或凸剂量反应曲线的生物学动机。微生物风险评估。在许多病理系统中，关于定植抗性（人类超生物免受低剂量摄入的病原体的先天保护）和微生物群介导的清除的知识在机械化方面正在发展。然而，直到沙门氏菌病可获得更详细的机理数据，为描述“真实”剂量反应模型的不确定性，必须考虑多种经验模型形式。

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