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Reconstructing the Past: Personal Memory Technologies Are Not Just Personal and Not Just for Memory

机译：重构过去：个人记忆技术不仅是个人的，而且不仅仅是为了记忆

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摘要

Research has shown that personal memory technologies are a promising way to address the needs of older adults with memory impairments. In this article, we review three recently completed studies that evaluated technologies for personal memories intended for persons with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI). In the first study, we worked with 12 participants with AD or MCI and their families to construct DVD-based Multimedia Biographies that depicted prominent events, people, and places from the participant's past. We then evaluated over a period of 6 months psychosocial effects that viewing the biographies had on the participants and their family members. These effects included stimulating reminiscence of past events, triggering predominantly positive emotions of happiness and occasional moments of sadness, and engaging conversations with family members. In our second study, we designed a home-based ambient display that allowed a man with AD to similarly review his past life, in combination with recent photos automatically captured by a lifelogging device called SenseCam. Psychometric tests and semistructured interviews revealed how the intervention appeared to improve the participant's sense of self and lower apathy. In our final study of 5 cognitively impaired participants we compared representations of recent experiences captured with SenseCam in 3 ways: with the raw image stream, with a slide show consisting of a selected number of Sense-Cam images narrated by a family member, and with a control reviewing no images. Results included evidence that reviewing SenseCam images improved episodic recall for personal events depicted in the images for of the 5 participants. Based on lessons learned from this research, we suggest that personal memory technologies should not just be framed as systems for augmenting an individual user's capacity for accurate recall of personal events, but instead should support groups of people such as members of a family in telling their life stories. This conception yields benefits beyond the support of memory, such as fostering a sense of self and strengthening interpersonal relationships with family members. We conclude the article by presenting design considerations to help guide and inform the development and evaluation of future "personal memory" technologies.
机译：研究表明，个人记忆技术是解决有记忆障碍的老年人需求的一种有前途的方法。在本文中，我们回顾了三项最近完成的研究，这些研究评估了针对阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）或轻度认知障碍（MCI）的人的个人记忆技术。在第一个研究中，我们与12位来自AD或MCI的参与者合作，构建了基于DVD的多媒体传记，其中描绘了参与者过去的重要事件，人物和地点。然后，我们在6个月的时间内评估了观看传记对参与者及其家人的心理社会影响。这些影响包括刺激人们回想过去的事件，引发主要的积极幸福情绪和偶尔的悲伤时刻，以及与家人进行对话。在我们的第二项研究中，我们设计了一种基于家庭的环境显示，它使患有AD的人能够类似地回顾其过去的生活，并结合由SenseCam生命记录设备自动捕获的最新照片。心理测验和半结构式访谈揭示了干预措施如何改善参与者的自我意识和降低冷漠感。在我们对5名有认知障碍的参与者的最终研究中，我们通过3种方式比较了SenseCam捕捉到的最近经历的表现：原始图像流，幻灯片显示（由选定数量的家庭成员叙述的Sense-Cam图像组成）以及没有图像的控件。结果包括证据表明，对SenseCam图像进行回顾可以改善5位参与者在图像中描绘的个人事件的事件记忆。根据从这项研究中获得的经验教训，我们建议，个人记忆技术不应仅被构架为增强个人用户准确回忆个人事件的能力的系统，而应支持诸如家庭成员之类的人告诉他们生活故事。这种观念所产生的好处超出了记忆的支持范围，例如，培养自我意识和加强与家庭成员的人际关系。我们通过提出设计注意事项来结束本文，以帮助指导和指导未来“个人记忆”技术的开发和评估。

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  • 来源
    《Human-computer interaction》 |2012年第2期|p.92-123|共32页
  • 作者

    Masashi Crete-Nishihata; Ronald M. Baecker; Michael Massimi; Deborah Ptak; Rachelle Campigotto; Liam D. Kaufman; Adam M. Brickman; Gary R. Turner; Joshua R. Steinerman; Sandra E. Black;

  • 作者单位

    University of Toronto TAG lab, Bahen Centre for Information Technology, 40 St. George Street, Room 7228, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada;

    University of Toronto TAG lab, Bahen Centre for Information Technology, 40 St. George Street, Room 7228, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada;

    University of Toronto TAG lab, Bahen Centre for Information Technology, 40 St. George Street, Room 7228, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada;

    University of Toronto TAG lab, Bahen Centre for Information Technology, 40 St. George Street, Room 7228, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada;

    University of Toronto TAG lab, Bahen Centre for Information Technology, 40 St. George Street, Room 7228, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada;

    University of Toronto TAG lab, Bahen Centre for Information Technology, 40 St. George Street, Room 7228, Toronto, Ontario M5S 2E4, Canada;

    Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, 630 West 168th Street, P&S 16 New York, NY 10032;

    Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room A4 47 Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada;

    Montefiore Medical Center, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467;

    Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Room A4 47 Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5, Canada;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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