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Prediction of Human Orthostatic Tolerance by Changes in Arterial and Venous Hemodynamics in the Microgravity Environment

机译：在微重力环境中通过动脉和静脉血流动力学变化预测人类体位耐受性

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In this article, we intentionally present exclusively the results of our recent studies of arterial and venous hemodynamics as predictors of human orthostatic tolerance during space flight and after the return to Earth. The possibility of in-flight orthostatic tolerance prediction by arterial hemodynamic responses to the lower body negative pressure (LBNP) and venous hemodynamic changes in response to occlusion of the lower extremities is demonstrated. For the first time, three levels of cerebral blood flow deficits during the determination of orthostatic tolerance in the course of the LBNP test performed in microgravity. We offer quantitative arguments for the dependence of the cerebral blood flow deficit on the degree of tolerance of the LBNP test. Patterns of arterial hemodynamics during LBNP were successfully used to diagnose the actual orthostatic tolerance and to follow its trend during flight, which testifies to the possibility of predicting ortho-static tolerance changes in an individual cosmonaut during space flight. Occlusion plethysmography of the legs revealed three levels of response of the most informative venous parameters (capacity, distensibility, and rate of filling) of the lower extremities correlated to the severity of decrease in orthostatic tolerance.
机译：在本文中，我们有意专门介绍了我们最新的动脉和静脉血流动力学研究结果，这些研究结果是人类在太空飞行和返回地球后的体位性耐受性的预测指标。证实了通过对下半身负压（LBNP）的动脉血流动力学响应和响应于下肢闭塞的静脉血流动力学变化进行飞行中体位耐受预测的可能性。在微重力下进行的LBNP测试过程中，在确定直立性耐受性期间，脑血流水平首次出现了三个水平的下降。我们为脑血流不足对LBNP试验耐受程度的依赖性提供了定量论证。 LBNP期间的动脉血流动力学模式已成功用于诊断实际体位耐受性并在飞行过程中追踪其趋势，这证明了在太空飞行中预测个别宇航员体位耐受性变化的可能性。腿部阻塞体积描记法显示下肢最丰富的静脉参数（容量，可扩张性和充盈率）的三种反应水平与体位性耐受性降低的严重程度相关。

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