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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrological Processes >Thresholds and relations for soil‐hydraulic and soil‐physical properties as a function of burn severity 4 years after the 2011 Las Conchas Fire, New Mexico, USA
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Thresholds and relations for soil‐hydraulic and soil‐physical properties as a function of burn severity 4 years after the 2011 Las Conchas Fire, New Mexico, USA

机译：美国新墨西哥州2011年Las Conchas火灾4年后，土壤水力和土壤物理特性的阈值和关系随灼伤严重程度而变化

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Wildfire effects on soil-physical and -hydraulic properties as a function of burn severity are poorly characterized, especially several years after wildfire. A stratified random sampling approach was used in 2015 to sample seven sites representing a spectrum of remotely sensed burn severity in the area impacted by the 2011 Las Conchas Fire in New Mexico, USA. Replicate samples from each site were analysed in the laboratory. Linear and linear indicator regression were used to assess thresholds in soil-physical and -hydraulic properties and functional relations with remotely sensed burn severity. Significant thresholds were present for initial soil-water content ((i)) at 0-6cm depth between the change in the Normalized Burn Ratio (dNBR) equal to 618-802, for bulk density ((b)) at 3-6cm between dNBR equal to 416-533, for gravel fraction at 0-1cm between dNBR equal to 416-533, for fines (the silt+clay fraction) at 0-1cm for dNBR equal to 416-533, and for fines at 3-6cm for dNBR equal to 293-416. Significant linear relations with dNBR were present between (b) at 0-1cm, loss on ignition (LOI) at 0-1cm, gravel fraction at 0-1cm, and the large organic fraction at 1-3cm. No thresholds or effects on soil-hydraulic properties of field-saturated hydraulic conductivity or sorptivity were observed. These results suggest that (b) and LOI at 0-1cm have residual direct impacts from the wildfire heat impulse. The (i) threshold is most likely from delayed groundcover/vegetation recovery that increases evaporation at the highest burn severity sites. Gravel and silt+clay thresholds at 0-1cm at the transition to high burn severity suggest surface gravel lag development from hydraulic erosion. Thresholds in (b) from 3 to 6cm and in silt+clay fraction from 3 to 6cm appear to be the result of soil variability between sites rather than wildfire impacts. This work suggests that gravel-rich soils may have increased resilience to sustained surface runoff generation and erosion following wildfire, with implications for assessments of postwildfire hydrologic and erosion recovery potential.
机译：野火对土壤物理和水力性质的影响（取决于燃烧严重程度）的特征较差，尤其是野火后数年。 2015年，我们采用分层随机抽样方法，对受2011年美国新墨西哥州Las Conchas火灾影响的区域内一系列遥感烧伤严重程度的现场进行了采样。在实验室中分析了每个站点的重复样本。线性和线性指标回归用于评估土壤物理和液压特性的阈值以及与遥感烧伤严重程度的功能关系。在0-6cm深度之间的初始土壤水分含量（（i））在归一化燃烧比（dNBR）的变化等于618-802之间存在显着阈值，而在3-6cm之间的堆积密度（（b））存在阈值dNBR等于416-533，对于dNBR等于416-533的0-1cm处的砾石分数，对于dNBR等于416-533的0-1cm的细度（淤泥+粘土分数），对于3-6cm的细度dNBR等于293-416。与dNBR之间存在显着的线性关系，其中（b）在0-1cm处，烧失量（LOI）在0-1cm处，砾石分数在0-1cm处，较大的有机物在1-3cm处。没有观察到阈值或对田间饱和水力传导率或吸水率的土壤液压特性的影响。这些结果表明，（b）和0-1cm处的LOI受到野火热脉冲的直接影响。 （i）阈值最有可能来自延迟的地被/植被恢复，从而增加了严重烧伤严重地点的蒸发。在过渡到高烧伤严重程度时，砾石和淤泥+粘土的阈值在0-1cm处，表明水力侵蚀导致地表砾石滞后。 （b）中3至6cm的阈值和粉砂+粘土分数中3至6cm的阈值似乎是站点之间土壤变化的结果，而不是野火的影响。这项工作表明，富含砾石的土壤可能对野火后持续的地表径流产生和侵蚀具有更大的抵抗力，这对评估野火后的水文和侵蚀恢复潜力具有重要意义。

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