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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrological ProcHydrological Processesrnesses >Temporal patterns and controls on runoff magnitude and solution chemistry of urban catchments in the semiarid southwestern United States
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Temporal patterns and controls on runoff magnitude and solution chemistry of urban catchments in the semiarid southwestern United States

机译：半干旱美国西南部城市集水区径流大小和溶液化学的时间模式和控制

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摘要

Urban expansion and the scarcity of water supplies in arid and semiarid regions have increased the importance of urban runoff to localized water resources. However, urban catchment responses to precipitation are poorly understood in semiarid regions where intense rainfall often results in large runoff events during the short summer monsoon season. To evaluate how urban runoff quantity and quality respond to rainfall magnitude and timing, we collected stream stage data and runoff samples throughout the 2007 and 2008 summer monsoons from four ephemeral drainages in Tucson, Arizona. Antecedent rainfall explained 20% to 30% of discharge (mm) and runoff ratio in the least impervious (22%) catchment but was not statistically related to hydrologic responses at more impervious sites. Regression models indicated that rainfall depth, imperviousness and their combined effect control discharge and runoff ratios (p < 0.01, r2 = 0.91 and 0.75, respectively). In contrast, runoff quality did not vary with imperviousness or catchment size. Rainfall depth and duration, time since antecedent rainfall and event and cumulative discharge controlled runoff hydrochemistry and resulted in five specific solute response patterns: (i) strong event and seasonal solute mobilization (solute flush), (ii) event chemostasis and strong seasonal flush, (iii) event chemostasis and weak seasonal flush, (iv) event and seasonal chemostasis and (v) late seasonal flush. Our results indicate that hydrologic responses of semiarid catchments are controlled by rainfall partitioning at the event scale, whereas wetting magnitude, frequency and timing alter solute stores readily available for transport and control temporal runoff quality. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：干旱和半干旱地区的城市扩张和水源短缺，增加了城市径流对局部水资源的重要性。然而，在半干旱地区人们对城市集水区对降水的反应知之甚少，在半干旱地区，夏季短季风季节强降雨常导致大径流事件。为了评估城市径流量的数量和质量对降雨幅度和时间的响应，我们从亚利桑那州图森市的四个短暂排水中收集了整个2007年和2008年夏季风的流阶段数据和径流样本。前期降雨解释了最不透水（22％）流域的流量（mm）和径流比的20％至30％，但与更不透水地点的水文响应在统计上无关。回归模型表明，降雨深度，不透水性及其综合作用控制流量和径流比（p <0.01，r2 = 0.91和0.75）。相比之下，径流质量不会随渗透性或集水面积的变化而变化。降雨深度和持续时间，自降雨和事件发生以来的时间以及累积排放控制的径流水化学，并导致了五种特定的溶质响应模式：（i）强事件和季节性溶质动员（溶质冲洗），（ii）事件化学稳定和强烈的季节性冲洗， （iii）事件的化学稳定性和季节性潮红较弱；（iv）事件的和季节化学平稳；以及（v）季节性晚期潮红。我们的结果表明，半干旱流域的水文响应受事件尺度上的降雨分配控制，而湿润的幅度，频率和时间会改变溶质储量，这些溶质易用于运输并控制时间径流质量。版权所有©2012 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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  • 作者

    Erika L. Gallo; Paul D. Brooks; Kathleen A. Lohse; Jean E. T. McLain;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Hydrology and Water Resources University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA;

    Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello ID USA;

    Department of Hydrology and Water Resources University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA;

    Department of Biological Sciences Idaho State University Pocatello ID USA;

    School of Natural Resources and the Environment University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA;

    USDA-ARS US Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center Maricopa AZ USA;

    Water Resources Research Center University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    urban; runoff; semiarid; water quality; runoff ratio;

    机译：城市;径流;半干旱;水质;径流比;

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