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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrological Processes >How soil moisture mediates the influence of transpiration on streamflow at hourly to interannual scales in a forested catchment
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How soil moisture mediates the influence of transpiration on streamflow at hourly to interannual scales in a forested catchment

机译：在一个森林集水区，土壤水分如何以每小时到每年一度的速度介导蒸腾作用对水流的影响

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The water balance equation dictates that streamflow may be reduced by transpiration. Yet temporal disequilibrium weakens the relationship between transpiration and streamflow in many cases where inputs and outputs are unbalanced. We address two critical knowledge barriers in ecohydrology with respect to time, scale dependence and lags. Study objectives were to correlate components of the water balance equation at hourly to annual scales, quantify time lags, and simplify critical components of the water budget during wet and dry conditions. We tested interrelationships among precipitation, vapour pressure deficit, transpiration, soil moisture, and streamflow within the confines of a 60-hectare forested watershed in the western Cascades of Oregon. The Pacific Northwest is an ideal location to compare wet and dry seasons because of its Mediterranean climate. Soil moisture explained more than 80% of the variation in streamflow at all temporal scales investigated. Streamflow was most strongly coupled to soil moisture in the wet season because of gravitational drainage patterns; strong coupling of transpiration to vapour pressure deficit was dominant in the dry season and driven by low humidity. We observed progressively longer hourly time lags between soil moisture and streamflow in the dry season, which relates to an increasing soil moisture deficit that took an average of 48 days to refill after the onset of winter rains. We propose that transpiration drives seasonal patterns in soil moisture that relate to patterns in streamflow only after long time lags. In other words, soil moisture mediates the influence of transpiration on streamflow. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：水平衡方程式表明，蒸腾作用可能会减少水流量。然而，在许多投入和产出不平衡的情况下，时间上的不平衡削弱了蒸腾作用与水流之间的关系。我们解决了生态水文学在时间，规模依赖和滞后方面的两个关键知识障碍。研究目标是使每小时和每年尺度的水平衡方程的各个组成部分相关联，量化时滞，并简化干湿条件下水预算的关键组成部分。我们在俄勒冈西部喀斯喀特山脉一个60公顷的森林流域范围内，测试了降水，蒸气压不足，蒸腾作用，土壤湿度和水流之间的相互关系。西北太平洋地区因其地中海气候，是比较湿季和干季的理想地点。在所研究的所有时间尺度上，土壤水分解释了超过80％的水流变化。在雨季，由于重力排水方式，水流与土壤水分的关系最大。在干燥季节，低湿度驱动着蒸腾作用与蒸气压亏缺之间的强耦合。我们观察到干旱季节土壤水分与水流之间的时间间隔逐渐变长，这与土壤水分赤字增加有关，冬季降雨开始后平均需要48天才能补充。我们建议蒸腾作用驱使土壤水分的季节性模式，这种模式仅在长时间滞后后才与水流模式相关。换句话说，土壤水分介导了蒸腾作用对水流的影响。版权所有©2011 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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