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首页> 外文期刊>Hydrological ProcHydrological Processesrnesses >INVESTIGATION OF INFILTRATION CHARACTERISTICS AND DEBRIS FLOW INITIATION CONDITIONS IN DEBRIS FLOW SOURCE AREAS USING A RAINFALL SIMULATOR
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INVESTIGATION OF INFILTRATION CHARACTERISTICS AND DEBRIS FLOW INITIATION CONDITIONS IN DEBRIS FLOW SOURCE AREAS USING A RAINFALL SIMULATOR

机译：利用降雨模拟器研究泥石流源区的入渗特征和泥石流形成条件。

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Rainfall was simulated on unconfined plots on regolith in debris flow source areas using a portable simulator. In total, 351 simulations were carried out on steep slopes (27–54°) with rainfall intensities of 28–291 mm/h. From these rainfall simulations the infiltration parameters sorptivity () and steady-state infiltration capacity () of the regolith, and a threshold for the occurrence of micro-scale mass movements, were obtained. Two evaluation methods were used to obtain the infiltration parameters and . The ‘infiltration envelope’ method uses rainfall intensity and time to ponding from multiple tests and fits an infiltration envelope through the data from which and can be obtained. The ‘constant runoff’ method uses rainfall intensity and overland flow intensity to calculate , after which can be calculated in several ways by using time to ponding. The constant runoff method produced values of 16.6–128 mm/h, which usually show a log-normal distribution. values depend on the regolith parent material and rainfall intensity. Using this method, values are 0.088–0.381 cm/min. The infiltration envelope method produced values of 9.8–131 mm/h and values of 0.14–0.32 cm/min. It can be argued that both methods overestimate as well as , but quantitative relations between measured/calculated and actual values of and have not yet been obtained. At high rainfall intensities, typically 100 mm/h or more, micro-scale mass movements sometimes occur. A lower threshold curve for the occurrence of these micro-scale mass movements has been constructed. It is a function of both slope angle and rainfall intensity. The micro-scale mass movements could play an important part in the initiation of debris flows in the study area, possibly by delivering sediment to overland flow. On the very steep slopes, the sediment-rich overland flow can easily mobilize coarse material.
机译：使用便携式模拟器，在泥石流源区的无限制块体上模拟了降雨。总共，在降雨强度为28-291 mm / h的陡坡（27-54°）上进行了351次模拟。从这些降雨模拟中，获得了碎屑岩的入渗参数吸附度（）和稳态入渗能力（），以及发生微尺度质量运动的阈值。两种评价方法用于获得入渗参数和。 “渗透包络”方法使用降雨强度和时间来进行多次测试，然后通过可获取和获得的数据拟合渗透包络。 “恒定径流”方法使用降雨强度和陆上径流强度进行计算，然后可以通过花费时间来进行多种计算。恒定径流法得出的值是16.6-128 mm / h，通常显示出对数正态分布。值取决于母粒母粒材料和降雨强度。使用此方法时，值为0.088–0.381 cm / min。渗透包络法的数值为9.8-131 mm / h，数值为0.14-0.32 cm / min。可以认为，这两种方法都高估了和，但是尚未获得的实测值/计算值与实际值之间的定量关系。在高降雨强度下（通常为100？mm / h或更高），有时会发生微尺度的质量运动。已经构造了用于这些微观尺度质量运动的下阈值曲线。它是倾角和降雨强度的函数。微观尺度的质量运动可能在研究区泥石流的产生中起重要作用，可能是通过将泥沙输送到陆地上来的。在非常陡峭的山坡上，富含沉积物的陆上水流可以轻松地运送较粗的物质。

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    BLIJENBERG H. M.; DE GRAAF P. J.; HENDRIKS M. R.; DE RUITER J. F.; VAN TETERING A. A. A.;

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    The Netherlands Centre for Geo‐ecological Research Geomorphological Research Group Utrecht University Department of Physical Geography PO Box 80115 3508 TC Utrecht TheNetherlands;

    The Netherlands Centre for Geo‐ecological Research Geomorphological Research Group Utrecht University Department of Physical Geography PO Box 80115 3508 TC Utrecht TheNetherlands;

    The Netherlands Centre for Geo‐ecological Research Geomorphological Research Group Utrecht University Department of Physical Geography PO Box 80115 3508 TC Utrecht TheNetherlands;

    The Netherlands Centre for Geo‐ecological Research Geomorphological Research Group Utrecht University Department of Physical Geography PO Box 80115 3508 TC Utrecht TheNetherlands;

    The Netherlands Centre for Geo‐ecological Research Geomorphological Research Group Utrecht University Department of Physical Geography PO Box 80115 3508 TC Utrecht TheNetherlands;

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    rainfall simulation; infiltration; steady‐state infiltration capacity; sorptivity; infiltration envelope; micro‐scale mass movement; debris flow initiation;

    机译：降雨模拟;入渗;稳态入渗能力;吸附度;入渗包络线;微尺度物质运动;泥石流起爆;

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