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Historical hydrology - Editorial

机译：历史水文学-社论

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摘要

Hydrology - the science of the water cycle - has a long tradition: the ancient philosophers tried to resolve the mystery of the hydrological cycle. However, even if the general understanding of hydrology has been about right for centuries, typically it was not possible to assess national or global water resources in quantitative terms until the 20th century, when many national hydrological services started systematic water-related observations, collecting data and information. Now, it is broadly recognized that information on how much water is available in time and space is indispensable for socio-economic development and for securing environmental river flows. Information about the mean, variability, dependability and seasonality of water resources, as well as their utilization and control, is available to decision makers. It provides the potential for water resources development, for managing water in an informed way, and for assessing impacts. Water serves competing uses nowadays and water-related information is needed for planning, design and operation of water resources systems (e.g. multi-purpose reservoirs). However, it is not uncommon that construction projects are launched without adequate water resources assessment. Often, all that is available is a short time series of hydrological records, or even no records at all.
机译：水文学-水循环科学-具有悠久的历史：古代哲学家试图解决水循环的奥秘。但是，即使对水文学的一般理解已有数百年之久，但通常要到20世纪，许多国家水文部门开始系统地进行与水有关的观测，收集数据，才能定量评估国家或全球水资源。和信息。现在，人们普遍认识到，关于时空可用水量的信息对于社会经济发展和确保环境河流的流动是必不可少的。决策者可以获得有关水资源的均值，可变性，可靠性和季节性以及利用和控制的信息。它为水资源开发，以知情的方式管理水以及评估影响提供了潜力。如今，水可服务于竞争性用途，并且在水资源系统（例如多功能水库）的规划，设计和运营中需要与水有关的信息。然而，在没有进行足够的水资源评估的情况下启动建设项目并不少见。通常，可用的只是水文记录的短时间序列，甚至根本没有记录。

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