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首页> 外文期刊>Nordic hydrology >Altitudinal variations of temperature, equilibrium line altitude, and accumulation-area ratio in Upper Indus Basin
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Altitudinal variations of temperature, equilibrium line altitude, and accumulation-area ratio in Upper Indus Basin

机译：印度河上游盆地温度，平衡线高度和堆积面积比的垂直变化

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摘要

Quantitative measures of adiabatic lapse rate, equilibrium line altitude (ELA), and accumulation-area ratio (AAR) are important to understand the hydrological processes and conduct hydrological modeling in a highly glaciated watershed. We present a detailed analysis of temperature data from 21 climatic stations, hypsometric analyses of glacier distributions, and a method to analyze ablation gradients and runoff curves concurrently to quantify these parameters for the watersheds of the Upper Indus Basin (UIB), with 15,062 km~2 of glacierized area and an elevation range of 361-8,611 m. We show that the ELA varies considerably from one watershed to another, implying a highly variable upper elevation limit up to which melting of snows and glaciers takes place throughout the basin. This is in sharp contrast to the assertions made by previous researchers. We show that the ELA is as low as 4,840 m in Astore watershed and it is as high as 6,200 m in Shyok watershed. In accordance with the variation of ELA, the AAR also varies considerably from one watershed to another. It is as low as 0.10 in Gilgit and as high as 0.65 in Zanskar watersheds, we ascribe 15-20% uncertainty to these estimates of ELA and AAR in UIB.
机译：绝热流失率，平衡线高度（ELA）和蓄积面积比（AAR）的定量测​​量对于了解高冰川流域的水文过程和进行水文建模很重要。我们将对来自21个气候站的温度数据进行详细分析，对冰川分布进行水压计量分析，并同时分析消融梯度和径流曲线以量化这些参数，以量化印度洋盆地上游（UIB）15062 km〜的这些参数。冰川化区域2个，海拔范围361-8,611 m。我们表明，从一个流域到另一个流域，ELA的变化很大，这意味着高度可变的高海拔上限，整个流域的雪和冰川融化都将发生。这与以前的研究人员的主张形成鲜明对比。我们显示，ELa在Astore流域低至4,840 m，而在Shyok流域高至6,200 m。根据ELA的变化，AAR从一个分水岭到另一个分水岭也有很大不同。在吉尔吉特（Gilgit）中它低至0.10，而在赞斯卡（Zanskar）流域中则低至0.65，我们将UIB中ELA和AAR的这些估计归因于15％至20％。

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