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首页> 外文期刊>Nordic hydrology >Seasonal Water Balance of an Alpine Catchment as Evaluated by Different Methods for Spatially Distributed Snowmelt Modelling
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Seasonal Water Balance of an Alpine Catchment as Evaluated by Different Methods for Spatially Distributed Snowmelt Modelling

机译：通过空间分布融雪模拟的不同方法评估高山流域的季节性水平衡

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摘要

The application of three temperature-index based models and of one energy balance based snowmelt model was investigated. The snow models were integrated in the spatially distributed hydrological model PREVAH. In this study the hy-drological simulations of the alpine catchment of the Dischmabach in Switzerland in the period 1982-2000 have been analyzed. The PREVAH model was driven by hourly interpolated meteorological data. All snowmelt approaches allowed a good simulation of the discharge regime and of the seasonal course of the snowpack. The highest model efficiency was obtained by a radiation based temperature-index approach. A simplified energy balance approach combined with the positive degree-day method showed a very similar performance to the classical positive degree-day approach. The energy balance approach ESCIMO showed a high performance variability from year to year. The dependency of the seasonal water balance with respect to altitude is also discussed in this report. The quality of the spatially distributed reproduction of periods with positive and negative water balance (snow accumulation and snowmelt) is crucial for the correct simulation of the runoff hydrograph. The analysis shows that runoff maximum in the Dischmabach catchment is caused by a superposition of the main snowmelt season in the areas between 2, 100-2,800 m a.s.l. and the period with maximum rainfall.
机译：研究了三种基于温度指数的模型和一种基于能量平衡的融雪模型的应用。降雪模型已整合到空间分布的水文模型PREVAH中。在这项研究中，对1982-2000年间瑞士Dischmabach的高山流域的水文模拟进行了分析。 PREVAH模型由每小时的内插气象数据驱动。所有融雪方法都可以很好地模拟积雪的排放状况和季节性变化。通过基于辐射的温度指数方法可获得最高的模型效率。简化的能量平衡方法与正度日方法相结合，显示出与经典正度日方法非常相似的性能。能源平衡方法ESCIMO每年都有很高的性能差异。本报告还讨论了季节性水平衡与海拔的关系。具有正负水平衡（积雪和融雪）的时期的空间分布再现质量对于正确模拟径流水位图至关重要。分析表明，Dischmabach流域的最大径流是由2、100-2,800 m a.s.l.之间的主要融雪季节的叠加引起的。降雨量最大的时期

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