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首页> 外文期刊>Nordic hydrology >Naturalization of Drainage Channels in Lithuania and Possibilities of Their Maintenance as Water Recipients
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Naturalization of Drainage Channels in Lithuania and Possibilities of Their Maintenance as Water Recipients

机译：立陶宛排水渠的归化及其作为水的接受者的维护可能性

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In the process of high expansion of drainage systems and land cultivation, most natural watercourses in Lithuania were converted into drainage channels. They were deprived of all natural riparian vegetation and abiotic conditions that kept up biodiversity, diminished erosion and deflation, induced self-purification of water etc. Thus the re-naturalization of drainage channels is essential. Consequently, to determine the possibilities to combine re-naturalization processes in channels with their function-ability it was examined the tendencies of woody vegetation (WV) spreading and the hydraulic calculation formulas estimating the performance of overgrown channels as water recipients were suggested. As the study results showed, self-restoration of WV was most progressive in forest and outskirt channels. In the field channels WV expansion takes place as well. However, it depends on the distance from a forest, i.e. WV density decreases sharply from 1.17 stems m~(-2) to background level (c. 0.26 stems m~(-2)) within the space of 300 m. In the paper there is some positive influence of WV cover in view to drainage channel maintenance discussed referring to the results of former studies as well as the publications of other authors. It includes the prevention of bottom silting as well as slope erosion and slide. The formulas estimating conductivity of overgrown channels are based on the balance of forces occurring on the boundaries of overgrown strips of a stream: resistance of tree stems, friction on the slopes, shear stresses that appear when two streams with different velocities are in contact and the horizontal component of the gravity force causing water movement. Some methods of WV cover abundance control are discussed when having assumed self- or artificial restoration of WV in channels to be maintained as recipients is projected.
机译：在排水系统的高度扩张和土地耕种的过程中，立陶宛的大多数天然水道已转变为排水通道。他们被剥夺了所有自然河岸植被和非生物条件，从而维持了生物多样性，减少了侵蚀和放气，诱导了水的自净等。因此，排水渠道的重新自然化至关重要。因此，为了确定将渠道中的自然归化过程与其功能能力结合起来的可能性，研究了木质植被（WV）扩散的趋势，并提出了估算受水者过长的渠道性能的水力计算公式。研究结果表明，WV的自我修复在森林和郊区渠道中最为进步。在现场通道中，也会发生WV扩展。但是，这取决于与森林的距离，即WV密度在300 m的空间内从1.17个茎m〜（-2）急剧下降到背景水平（c。0.26个茎m〜（-2））。鉴于以前的研究结果以及其他作者的出版物，本文讨论了WV覆盖对排水通道维护有一些积极影响。它包括防止底部淤积以及防止斜坡侵蚀和滑动。估算长满的河道电导率的公式是基于在长满的河带边界上发生的力的平衡：树杆的阻力，斜坡上的摩擦力，当两个不同速度的河流接触时出现的切应力和引起水运动的重力的水平分量。当假定要在接收者投影时要维护的频道中的WV自身或人为恢复时，将讨论WV覆盖量丰度控制的一些方法。

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