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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Distribution of the New Zealand scallop (Pecten novaezealandiae) within and surrounding a customary fisheries area
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Distribution of the New Zealand scallop (Pecten novaezealandiae) within and surrounding a customary fisheries area

机译：新西兰扇贝（Pecten novaezealandiae）在一个常规渔业区内及其周围的分布

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摘要

Ecosystem-based approaches towards fisheries management, incorporating spatial management, have recently been advocated as the most appropriate pathway towards sustainable fisheries. Customary fisheries management, which often incorporates forms of spatial management, could be an important tool for engaging ecosystem fisheries approaches in practice. This study measured habitat characteristics and the density of the scallop Pecten novaezealandiae across a range of management regimes in Te Whaka a Te Wera (Paterson Inlet), Rakiura (Stewart Island), New Zealand. These regimes included (i) a customary fisheries area (Te Whaka a Te Wera Mataitai) managed locally under a traditional closure to scallop harvest (rahui), (ii) a complete closure to all harvest and anthropogenic disturbances (Te Wharawhara/Ulva Island Marine Reserve), and (iii) an area open to recreational harvest of scallops by hand gathering over a limited season. Habitat characteristics and scallop numbers were measured using strip-transect and photoquadrat surveys at 20 sites within TeWhaka a TeWera in June 2013. Negative binomial regression modelling was used to relate the counts of scallops to management regime and habitat characteristics. Scallops were likely to be at a higher density in the customary fisheries management area than in the marine reserve and the recreational harvest area. Pecten novaezealandiae were likely to be at a higher density with increasing distance from the inlet entrance, which is likely to be a proxy for a gradient of habitat or environment variables. Scallops were also likely to be at lower densities in areas of high macroalgal cover, perhaps reflective of adult scallops avoiding areas with significant algal cover. Our study showed that customary fisheries areas can provide effective refugia for scallops, provided they protect appropriate habitat.
机译：最近提倡将基于生态系统的渔业管理方法与空间管理相结合，是实现可持续渔业的最适当途径。习惯性渔业管理通常结合空间管理的形式，可能是使生态系统渔业方法付诸实践的重要工具。这项研究测量了新西兰拉基欧拉（Stewart岛）的Te Whaka和Te Wera（Paterson湾）的一系列管理制度下的扇贝Pecten novaezealandiae扇贝的栖息地特征和密度。这些制度包括（i）常规渔业区（Te Whaka和Te Wera Mataitai），在传统的关闭下以扇贝捕捞为传统禁区（rahui），（ii）完全关闭所有捕捞和人为干扰（Te Wharawhara / Ulva Island Marine保护区），以及（iii）在限定的季节内开放供人们手工收集扇贝的区域。 2013年6月，在TeWhaka a TeWera内的20个地点使用带状断面和光合四面体调查测量了栖息地特征和扇贝数量。使用负二项回归模型将扇贝的数量与管理制度和生境特征相关联。常规渔业管理区的扇贝密度可能高于海洋保护区和娱乐性收获区的扇贝密度。随着距入口的距离增加，新花蜜可能密度更高，这可能是栖息地或环境变量梯度的替代。在高藻类覆盖率较高的地区，扇贝的密度也可能较低，这可能反映了成年扇贝避免了藻类覆盖率较高的区域。我们的研究表明，常规渔业地区只要保护适当的栖息地，就可以为扇贝提供有效的避难所。

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