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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Fishing for function: the use of biological traits to evaluate the effects of multispecies fisheries on the functioning of fisheries assemblages
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Fishing for function: the use of biological traits to evaluate the effects of multispecies fisheries on the functioning of fisheries assemblages

机译：捕捞功能：利用生物特征评估多物种渔业对渔业组合功能的影响

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摘要

The Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management claims that fisheries management should take into account the ecosystem processes; in that context, it is useful to examine the functional traits of fisheries assemblages. This can be a challenge in multispecies fisheries. We used 21 biological traits of 86 species to investigate the relationship between-species and trait composition and to identify species with rare functional traits. Combining these traits with two catch datasets from the eastern Mediterranean (Patraikos Gulf: small-scale fleet, eastern Ionian Sea: entire multispecies fleet), we investigated whether certain fishing tactics or gears tend to remove specific traits, using multivariate methodologies. Species and traits composition of the catches were related, but an important part of trait variability was not explained by species composition. Rare traits and trait combinations were found for important target or bycatch species. Differences in the traits composition of fishing operations were revealed both between fishing tactics (Patraikos) as well as gears and areas (eastern Ionian); hierarchical clustering and MDS indicated the distinction of purse-seine catches at gear level. SIMPER analysis by trait indicated associations of certain trait categories mainly with purse-seines (at gear level) and longline metiers and a trammel-net metier (at metier level). The identification of rare traits or their combinations can have significant management implications as overfishing of the species with these traits could result in altering assemblage functioning. It seems that the multispecies character of the benthic fisheries results in a balanced trait removal, while management should regulate the effects of purse-seine fisheries on the fisheries assemblage functioning. Further investigation of the functions that fishing may remove from the ecosystem could contribute to understanding the effects of fishing and reveal overlooked aspects useful for the improvement of fisheries management.
机译：《渔业生态系统管理方法》认为，渔业管理应考虑到生态系统过程；在这种情况下，检查渔业组合的功能特征很有用。这在多物种渔业中可能是一个挑战。我们使用了86种的21种生物学特性来研究物种与特性组成之间的关系，并鉴定具有罕见功能特性的物种。将这些特征与来自地中海东部的两个渔获数据集（Patraikos海湾：小型船队，爱奥尼亚海东部：整个多物种船队）相结合，我们使用多变量方法研究了某些捕捞策略或渔具是否倾向于去除特定特征。渔获物的物种和性状组成是相关的，但性状变异的重要部分并未通过物种组成来解释。发现重要目标或兼捕物种的稀有性状和性状组合。在捕鱼策略（Patraikos）以及渔具和渔区（爱奥尼亚州东部）之间，捕鱼操作的特征构成存在差异。层次聚类和MDS表示齿轮档位上的围网渔获量的区别。 SIMPER对特征的分析表明，某些特征类别的关联主要与钱包-围网（渔具级别）和延绳钓等级以及一个践踏网等级（等级）相关。稀有特性或它们的组合的识别可能具有重要的管理意义，因为具有这些特性的物种的过度捕捞可能导致组合功能的改变。底栖渔业的多物种特征似乎导致平衡的性状去除，而管理人员应规范围网围网渔业对渔业组合功能的影响。对捕捞可能从生态系统中去除的功能的进一步调查可能有助于理解捕捞的影响，并揭示了对改善渔业管理有用的被忽视的方面。

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