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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >What goes up does not come down: the stock composition and demographic characteristics of upstream migrating steelhead differ from post-spawn emigrating kelts
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What goes up does not come down: the stock composition and demographic characteristics of upstream migrating steelhead differ from post-spawn emigrating kelts

机译：上涨的趋势并没有下降：上游迁徙的硬头鱼的种群组成和人口特征与产卵后迁徙的柯尔特不同

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摘要

Iteroparity (repeat spawning) is a life history attribute with significant conservation value for at-risk populations of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). However, stock-specific rates of iteroparity and abundance of post-spawned steelhead "kelts" can be difficult to monitor in large river systems where multiple populations are commonly encountered as aggregated mixtures. We used genetic mixed-stock analysis (MSA) to determine steelhead origins and tested for stock-specific differences in the prevalence of an iterparous reproductive strategy. Steelhead from the Snake River, USA were sampled as "returns" migrating upstream to spawn and as emigrating post-spawned "kelts". Fish were assigned between two regions that are characterized by predominant run-type. We observed a larger overall proportion of kelts from region-1 (putative-A run; 82%) compared to kelts from region-2 (putative B-run; 18%), but returns from region-2 (30%) were nearly twice as abundant as kelts. Female kelts were predominant throughout the basin, occurring in similar proportions between regions (72% region-1, 77% region-2). The inferred ocean age distribution of kelts was distinct between regions, and regional differences in body size and emigration timing were significant (P< 0.0001). Although the ocean age-classes for kelts and returns within the same region were similarly distributed, kelts were significantly smaller in average body size compared to returns, and the results were temporally consistent. The association between body size and post-spawn survival suggests that strategies to improve overall recovery of steelhead, such as artificial reconditioning, may achieve greater success by targeting smaller kelts. Moreover, monitoring of post-spawn survival, and repeat spawning potential will likely benefit from MSA to augment demographic information and improve the accuracy of differentiating among specific stocks or regions.
机译：胎次（重复产卵）是生命史属性，对于高风险鳟鱼（Oncorhynchus mykiss）种群具有重要的保护价值。但是，在大型河流系统中，通常遇到多个种群聚集在一起的混合物的大型河道系统，很难监测到特定比率的产卵率和产卵后的黑头“鱼鳞”的丰度。我们使用遗传混合种群分析（MSA）来确定硬皮病的起源，并测试了不同繁殖策略的患病率中特定种群的差异。来自美国斯内克河（Snake River）的Steelhead被采样为向上游迁移到产卵的“回程”和作为后产卵的“鱼鳞”的迁移。将鱼分配到两个以游走类型为主的区域之间。我们观察到，与来自区域2的kelts（假设的B轮； 18％）相比，来自区域1的kelts（在A轮； 82％）中所占比例更大，但是从区域2的kelts（占30％）几乎丰富的海带两倍。在整个流域，雌性海带是主要的，区域之间的比例相似（1区为72％，2区为77％）。推断的海带的海洋年龄分布在区域之间是不同的，并且体型和移居时间的区域差异是显着的（P <0.0001）。尽管同一区域内海藻和回程的海洋年龄类别分布相似，但与回程相比，海藻的平均体型明显较小，结果在时间上是一致的。体型与产卵后存活率之间的关联表明，通过靶向较小的鱼鳞，诸如人工修复等提高硬头病总体恢复的策略可能会取得更大的成功。而且，监视产卵后的存活以及潜在产卵的重复可能将从MSA中受益，以增加人口统计信息并提高区分特定种群或地区的准确性。

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  • 来源
    《ICES Journal of Marine Science》 |2016年第10期|2595-2605|共11页
  • 作者

    Matala Andrew P.; Hatch Douglas R.; Everett Scott; Ackerman Michael W.; Bowersox Brett; Campbell Matthew; Narum Shawn;

  • 作者单位

    Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, 3059-F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA;

    Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, 700 NE Multnomah St,Suite 1200, Portland, OR 97232 USA;

    Nez Perce Dept Fisheries Resource Management, 109 Lolo St POB 365, Lapwai, ID 83540 USA;

    Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Eagle Fish Genet Lab, 1800 Trout Rd, Eagle, ID 83616 USA;

    Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 3316 16th St, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA;

    Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Eagle Fish Genet Lab, 1800 Trout Rd, Eagle, ID 83616 USA;

    Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, 3059-F Natl Fish Hatchery Rd, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

    iteroparity; kelts; mixed stock analysis; Snake River; steelhead trout;

    机译：奇偶性;褶皱;混合料分析;斯内克河;鳟鱼;

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