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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Trawling disturbance on megabenthos and sediment in the Barents Sea: chronic effects on density, diversity, and composition
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Trawling disturbance on megabenthos and sediment in the Barents Sea: chronic effects on density, diversity, and composition

机译：对巴伦支海大型底栖动物和沉积物的拖网干扰：对密度，多样性和组成的长期影响

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Bottom-trawl fisheries are expanding into deeper habitats and higher latitudes, but our understanding of their effects in these areas is limited. The ecological importance of habitat-forming megabenthos and their vulnerability to trawling is acknowledged, but studies on effects are few. Our objective was to investigate chronic effects of otter trawl fishery on substratum and megabenthos on the shelf (50-400 m) and slope (400-2000 m) in the southern Barents Sea. The study area represents a wide range in the history of fishing intensity (FI). Physical impact of trawling, density of trawl marks (TMs), was quantified on 250 video transects from shelf and slope, and megabenthos (. 2 cm) composition was studied on 149 video transects from the shelf. The number of satellite-recorded vessels within grid cells 5 x 5 km was used as a proxy for FI in the TM analysis and for the megabenthos records within a 2-km radius around the transects. The effects of using different search area sizes were tested. Patterns in the density of TMs and megabenthos composition were compared with FI using linear regression and correspondence analysis. Occurrence of TMs was not directly related to FI but to bottom type, whereas megabenthos density and diversity showed a negative relation. For 79 of the 97 most common taxa, density was negatively correlated with FI. The sponges Craniella zetlandica and Phakellia/Axinella were particularly vulnerable, but also Flabellum macandrewi (Scleractinia), Ditrupa arietina (Polychaeta), Funiculina quadrangularis (Pennatulacea), and Spatangus purpureus (Echinoidea) were negatively correlated with FI, whereas asteroids, lamp shells, and small sponges showed a positive trend. Our results are an important step towards the understanding of chronic effects of bottom trawling and are discussed in relation to the descriptors "Biological diversity" and "Seafloor integrity" in the EU Marine strategic framework directive.
机译：底拖网渔业正在向更深的生境和更高的纬度扩展，但是我们对其在这些地区的影响的了解有限。人们已经认识到形成栖息地的大型底栖动物的生态学重要性及其对拖网捕捞的脆弱性，但对影响的研究很少。我们的目的是调查水獭拖网捕捞对巴伦支海南部陆架（50-400 m）和斜坡（400-2000 m）的基底和巨型底栖动物的慢性影响。研究区域代表了捕鱼强度（FI）历史的广泛领域。拖网的物理影响，拖网标记的密度（TMs）在来自架子和斜坡的250个视频样带上进行了定量，并研究了来自架子的149个视频样带的巨型底栖动物（。2 cm）组成。 5 x 5 km网格单元中卫星记录的船只数量被用作TM分析中FI的代表，以及横断面2 km半径内的大型底栖动物记录。测试了使用不同搜索区域大小的效果。使用线性回归和对应分析，将TMs和巨型底栖动物的密度模式与FI进行比较。 TM的发生与FI并没有直接关系，而与底部类型有直接关系，而大型底栖动物的密度和多样性则显示出负相关关系。对于97个最常见的分类单元中的79个，密度与FI呈负相关。海绵状的Craniella zetlandica和Phakellia / Axinella尤其脆弱，但Flabellum macandrewi（Scleractinia），Ditrupa arietina（Polychaeta），Funiculina quadrangularis（Pennatulacea）和Spatangus purpureus（Echinoidea）与FI壳负相关，而小行星灯小海绵呈积极趋势。我们的研究结果是理解海底拖网长期影响的重要一步，并将与欧盟海洋战略框架指令中的“生物多样性”和“海底完整性”相关描述进行讨论。

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