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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Acoustic biomass estimation of mesopelagic fish: backscattering from individuals, populations, and communities
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Acoustic biomass estimation of mesopelagic fish: backscattering from individuals, populations, and communities

机译：中古生鱼的声生物量估计：个人，种群和社区的反向散射

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摘要

Acoustic survey methods are useful to estimate the distribution, abundance, and biomass of mesopelagic fish, a key component of open ocean ecosystems. However, mesopelagic fish pose several challenges for acoustic biomass estimation based on their small size, wide depth range, mixed aggregations, and length-dependent acoustic reflectance, which differentiate them from the larger epipelagic and neritic fish for which these methods were developed. Foremost, there is a strong effect of depth on swimbladder resonance, so acoustic surveys of mesopelagic fish must incorporate depth-stratification. Additionally, the 1-3 cm juveniles of many species are not only more abundant, but can also be stronger acoustic backscatterers than the larger adults that comprise most of the biomass. The dominant species in terms of biomass may thus be weak acoustic backscatters. Failure to properly incorporate depth, the full size distribution, and certain less-abundant species into mesopelagic acoustic analyses could lead to errors in estimated biomass of up to three orders of magnitude. Thus, thorough validation, or "ground-truthing", of the species composition, depth structure, population size distribution, capture efficiency of the sampling device, and acoustic properties of the fish present is critical for credible acoustic estimates of mesopelagic fish biomass. This is not insurmountable, but requires more ancillary data than is usually collected.
机译：声学调查方法可用于估计近海鱼类的分布，丰度和生物量，这是开放海洋生态系统的关键组成部分。然而，中生鱼类由于其尺寸小，深度范围宽，混合聚集以及长度依赖的声反射率而对声生物量的估计提出了若干挑战，这使它们与开发了这些方法的较大的上表层鱼类和浅水鱼类不同。最重要的是，深度对泳囊共振有很强的影响，因此对中生鱼类的声学调查必须纳入深度分层。此外，许多物种的1-3 cm幼体不仅比那些包含大部分生物量的较大成虫更丰富，而且还可以成为更强的声学反向散射体。因此，就生物质而言，主要种类可能是弱的声反向散射。无法将深度，完整尺寸分布以及某些较不丰富的物种适当地纳入中弹性声学分析中，可能导致估计生物量的误差最多三个数量级。因此，对物种组成，深度结构，种群大小分布，采样装置的捕集效率以及所存在鱼类的声学特性进行彻底的验证或“真相”，对于可信的中生鱼类生物量的声学估计至关重要。这不是不可克服的，但是需要比通常收集的更多的辅助数据。

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