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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Assessing demographic effects of dams on diadromous fish: a case study for Atlantic salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine
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Assessing demographic effects of dams on diadromous fish: a case study for Atlantic salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine

机译：评估水坝对过水鱼类的人口统计学影响：以缅因州Penobscot河中的大西洋鲑鱼为例

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摘要

Dams are a major contributor to the historic decline and current low abundance of diadromous fish. We developed a population viability analysis to assess demographic effects of dams on diadromous fish within a river system and demonstrated an application of the model with Atlantic salmon in the Penobscot River, Maine. We used abundance and distribution of wild-and hatchery-origin adult salmon throughout the watershed as performance metrics. Salmon abundance, distribution to upper reaches of the Penobscot watershed, and the number and proportion of wild-origin fish in the upper reaches of the Penobscot watershed increased when dams, particularly mainstem dams, were removed or passage efficiency was increased. Salmon abundance decreased as indirect latent mortality per dam was increased. Salmon abundance increased as marine or freshwater survival rates were increased, but the increase in abundance was larger when marine survival was increased than when freshwater survival was increased. Without hatchery supplementation, salmon abundance equalled zero with low marine and freshwater survival but increased when marine and freshwater survival rates were increased. Models, such as this one, that incorporate biological, environmental, and functional parameters can be used to predict ecological responses of fish populations and can help evaluate and prioritize management and restoration actions for diadromous fish.
机译：水坝是造成历史性衰退和目前缺水鱼类数量少的主要原因。我们开发了种群生存力分析，以评估水坝对河流系统中缺水鱼类的人口统计学影响，并展示了该模型与大西洋鲑鱼在缅因州Penobscot河中的应用。我们使用流域内野生和孵化场成年鲑鱼的丰富度和分布作为性能指标。当水坝，特别是主干水坝被拆除或增加通行效率时，鲑鱼的丰度，在Penobscot流域上游的分布以及Penobscot流域上游的野生鱼类的数量和比例增加。随着每个大坝的间接潜在死亡率增加，鲑鱼的丰度降低。鲑鱼的丰度随着海洋或淡水生存率的增加而增加，但是当海洋生存率增加时，鲑鱼的丰度增加比淡水生存率增加时的丰度增加更大。如果不增加孵化场，鲑鱼的丰度为零，海洋和淡水存活率较低，但随着海洋和淡水存活率的增加，鲑鱼的丰度增加。结合了生物学，环境和功能参数的模型（例如该模型）可用于预测鱼类种群的生态响应，并可帮助评估和优先处理缺水鱼类的管理和恢复措施。

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