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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Patterns and processes of habitat-specific demographic variability in exploited marine species
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Patterns and processes of habitat-specific demographic variability in exploited marine species

机译：被开发海洋物种中特定于栖息地的人口变化的模式和过程

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Population dynamics are governed by four demographic rates: births, deaths, immigration, and emigration. Variation in these rates and processes underlying such variation can be used to prioritize habitat conservation and restoration as well as to parameterize models that predict habitat-specific effects on population dynamics. The current understanding of patterns of habitat-specific demographic variability in exploited marine species, as well as processes underlying these patterns, was reviewed. We describe patterns of (ⅰ) habitat-specific density, followed by ontogenetic changes in habitat use, such as (ⅱ) immigration (i.e. use as a settlement habitat) and (ⅲ) emigration (i.e. use as a habitat for secondary dispersal to and from), and demographic rates such as (ⅳ) growth, and (ⅴ) mortality. Despite the importance of coastal habitats for fish and invertebrate species and the vulnerability of these habitats to human impacts, there was ambiguous evidence on their role in driving of population dynamics. Roughly 63% of the studies were descriptive, 21% experimental, and 11% used a combination of descriptive and experimental approaches, whereas 5% used meta-analyses. Habitat-specific density was the most common pattern quantified, followed by growth and mortality, with relatively few examples of studies of habitat-specific larval settlement. There were many examples of the influence of coastal habitats on survival, growth, and movement, especially at young stages, and there was an emerging focus on the effects of habitat degradation on demographic rates. There needs to be an increased effort on quantifying habitat-specific demographic rates and integrating these to better predict the effects of coastal habitats on the dynamics of exploited marine populations.
机译：人口动态受四个人口统计学指标的控制：出生，死亡，移民和移民。这些变化率和变化过程的变化可用于确定栖息地的养护和恢复的优先顺序，以及对预测特定栖息地对种群动态影响的模型进行参数化。审查了目前对所开发海洋物种中特定于栖息地的人口变异性模式以及这些模式所依据的过程的理解。我们描述了（ⅰ）栖息地特定密度的模式，然后描述了栖息地使用中的个体发生变化，例如（ⅱ）移民（即用作定居栖息地）和（ⅲ）移民（即用作对和来自）和人口统计率，例如（ⅳ）增长和（ⅴ）死亡率。尽管沿海生境对鱼类和无脊椎动物物种具有重要意义，而且这些生境易受人类影响，但尚不清楚的证据表明它们在推动人口动态中发挥了作用。大约63％的研究为描述性研究，21％为实验性研究，11％使用描述性和实验方法相结合，而5％则使用荟萃分析。栖息地特定密度是最常见的量化模式，其次是生长和死亡率，有关栖息地特定幼体沉降研究的例子相对较少。有许多实例说明了沿海生境对生存，生长和运动的影响，尤其是在年轻阶段，而且人们越来越关注生境退化对人口统计率的影响。需要加大工作力度来量化特定于栖息地的人口统计率，并将其综合起来，以更好地预测沿海栖息地对被开采海洋人口动态的影响。

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