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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Ghosts of fisheries-induced depletions: do they haunt us still?
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Ghosts of fisheries-induced depletions: do they haunt us still?

机译：渔业造成的消耗的幽灵：它们还在困扰着我们吗？

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The depletion of several North Atlantic gadoids in the 1980s and 1990s stimulated an unprecedented amount of research on the recovery of marine fish. Some of this work addressed long-standing questions of teleost population dynamics: (ⅰ) Does per capita population growth rate (r) always increase as abundance declines? (ⅱ) Do teleost fish possess greater intrinsic recovery abilities (as reflected by r_(max)) than terrestrial vertebrates? (ⅲ) Does the magnitude of population reduction influence the probability of recovery? (ⅳ) If fish evolve in response to fishing, changing average fitness and thus r_(max), are the population-dynamic consequences likely to be negative, positive, or neutral? Challenging some long-standing perceptions and beliefs, recent meta-analyses and empirically based model simulations on marine teleost fish support theoretically based postulates that: (ⅰ) r_(max) does not differ from that of terrestrial mammals; (ⅱ) high fecundity has no influence on recovery potential; (ⅲ) Allee effects can be manifest in some depleted populations; (ⅳ) the greater the magnitude of population reduction, the greater the uncertainty of recovery; and (ⅴ) the consequences of fisheries-induced evolution for recovery need not always be negative. An emerging imperative of the work examined here is the need to more fully embrace and comprehensively examine the links that exist between fitness and per capita population growth, given that what happens at the level of the individual will have consequences for how populations respond to natural and anthropogenic environment change.
机译：在1980年代和1990年代，北大西洋的数个类肌体的枯竭激发了有关海水鱼类恢复的空前研究。其中一些工作解决了长期不变的人口动态问题：（ⅰ）随着人口数量的减少，人均人口增长率（r）是否总是增加？ （ⅱ）硬骨鱼比陆生脊椎动物具有更大的内在恢复能力（由r_（max）反映）吗？ （ⅲ）人口减少的幅度是否会影响恢复的可能性？ （ⅳ）如果鱼类因捕捞而进化，平均适应度因而r_（max）发生变化，那么种群动态后果是否可能是消极的，积极的或中立的？挑战一些长期存在的观念和信念，最近关于海洋硬骨鱼类的荟萃分析和基于经验的模型模拟从理论上支持以下假设：（ⅰ）r_（max）与陆生哺乳动物的差异不大； （ⅱ）高繁殖力对恢复潜力没有影响； （ⅲ）Allee效应可能在一些贫乏人口中表现出来； （ⅳ）人口减少的幅度越大，恢复的不确定性就越大； （ⅴ）渔业引起的恢复对恢复的影响不一定总是负面的。鉴于在个人层面发生的情况将对人口对自然和自然的反应产生影响，因此本文研究的一项新的当务之急是需要更充分地接受和全面研究健身与人均人口增长之间存在的联系。人为环境变化。

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