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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Irruptive prey dynamics following the groundfish collapse in the Northwest Atlantic: an illusion?
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Irruptive prey dynamics following the groundfish collapse in the Northwest Atlantic: an illusion?

机译：西北大西洋底层鱼类崩溃后的破坏性猎物动态：一种错觉？

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摘要

The collapse of Northwest Atlantic groundfish in the early 1990s yielded a "natural experiment" within which to explore responses of ecosystems to a major perturbation. The "Pelagic Outburst" hypothesis was developed to explain an up to 900% increase in the abundance of small-bodied forage fishes and macroinvertebrates following this collapse and a subsequent trophic cascade extending across four trophic levels. Recently, this theory has been challenged and an alternative "Suprabenthic Habitat Occupation" (SHO) hypothesis has been advanced; it proposes the prey outburst associated with the forage fish component was an illusion created by changes in the vertical distribution of small pelagic fishes after the cod collapse in favour of a more bottom-oriented distribution that increased their vulnerability to bottom trawls. We evaluated the SHO hypothesis as it applied to the relationship between changes in the biomass of cod and the vertical distribution of herring and sand lance, the major small pelagic species of the Scotian Shelf ecosystem off eastern Nova Scotia. Contrary to predictions of the SHO hypothesis our initial conclusion that a pelagic outburst occurred in that ecosystem was confirmed and we found no evidence of a predator effect on vertical distributions of these species. We also explored the acoustic survey design and execution that generated the data that form the cornerstone of the SHO hypothesis, and the coherence between the behaviour depicted in these data and catch rates in the surface-oriented purse-seine fishery for herring operating at the time of these surveys. In combination, the results of our re-analysis of the population dynamics and behaviour of herring on the eastern Scotian Shelf, lead us to conclude that the SHO hypothesis, at least as it relates to the post-cod collapse dynamics of the affected Northwest Atlantic ecosystems, is not supported.
机译：在1990年代初期，西北大西洋底栖鱼类的崩溃产生了一个“自然实验”，可以探索生态系统对主要扰动的反应。发生“远古爆发”假说是为了解释这种崩溃和随后的营养级联跨越四个营养级之后，小体饲料鱼和大型无脊椎动物的丰度增加了多达900％。最近，这一理论受到了挑战，并且提出了另一种“超底栖动物占领”（SHO）假说。它提出，与饲草鱼有关的猎物爆发是一种幻觉，是由鳕鱼倒塌后小型中上层鱼类垂直分布的变化所造成的，而这种错觉是有利于以底部为导向的分布，从而增加了它们对底拖网的脆弱性。我们评估了SHO假设，该假设适用于鳕鱼生物量的变化与鲱鱼和沙矛的垂直分布之间的关系，鲱鱼和沙矛是新斯科舍省东部Scotian Shelf生态系统的主要中上层小物种。与SHO假说的预测相反，我们的初步结论是证实了那个生态系统中发生了远洋爆发，并且我们没有发现对这些物种的垂直分布有捕食者影响的证据。我们还探索了声学调查的设计和执行过程，这些数据生成了构成SHO假设的基石的数据，以及这些数据中描述的行为与当时用于鲱鱼养殖的水面定向围网捕捞渔业的捕获率之间的一致性。这些调查中。结合起来，我们对东斯科托大陆架上的种群动态和鲱鱼行为进行重新分析的结果使我们得出结论，即SHO假说，至少与受影响的西北大西洋的鳕鱼倒塌动态有关。生态系统，不受支持。

著录项

  • 来源
    《ICES Journal of Marine Science》 |2013年第7期|1299-1307|共9页
  • 作者

    Kenneth T. Frank; William C. Leggett; Brian D. Petrie; Jonathan A. D. Fisher; Nancy L. Shackell; Christopher T. Taggart;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, PO Box 1006, B2Y 4A2, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada;

    Department of Biology, Queen's University, K7L 3N6, Kingston, Ontario, Canada;

    Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, PO Box 1006, B2Y 4A2, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada;

    Centre for Fisheries Ecosystem Research, Fisheries and Marine Institute of Memorial University of Newfoundland, A1C 5R3, St John's, Newfoundland, Canada;

    Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, PO Box 1006, B2Y 4A2, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada;

    Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, B3H 4J1, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    ecosystem dynamics; predator-prey; small pelagics;

    机译：生态系统动力学;捕食者-猎物;小远洋;

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