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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Use of annual catch limits to avoid stock depletion in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands management area (Northeast Pacific)
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Use of annual catch limits to avoid stock depletion in the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands management area (Northeast Pacific)

机译：使用年度捕捞限额来避免白令海和阿留申群岛管理区（东北太平洋）的种群枯竭

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摘要

In total, 41 fish stocks in US ocean waters continue to be fished at unsustainable levels, and 46 fish stocks are overfished. In 2006, the US Congress required the implementation of annual catch limits (ACLs) and accountability measures by 2010 to prevent overfishing, and by 2011 to recover overfished stocks. These requirements were modelled on the existing management system for Northeast Pacific groundfish, where more than 20 fish stocks and assemblages have been managed sustainably for 30 years. Science-based overfishing levels and acceptable biological catches (ABCs) have been implemented for each stock or assemblage, with buffers between the two to avoid overfishing. Total allowable catches are set at or below the acceptable biological catch. Suballocations of quotas by season, area, and gear type, along with in-season fishery closures based on extensive observer coverage and vessel monitoring, ensure that quotas are not exceeded. To comply with ACL requirements, the North Pacific Fishery Management Council has defined ABC as an ACL. We demonstrate the effectiveness of ACLs for successful management of Northeast Pacific groundfish, suggesting that their use in other US fisheries might reduce the risk of overfishing and enhance the recovery of overfished stocks.
机译：总计，美国海水中的41种鱼类种群继续以不可持续的水平捕捞，另外46种鱼类种群被过度捕捞。 2006年，美国国会要求在2010年前实施年度捕捞限额（ACL）和问责措施，以防止过度捕捞，并在2011年前恢复过度捕捞的种群。这些要求以东北太平洋底层鱼类的现有管理系统为模型，该系统已对30多种鱼类和鱼类种群进行了可持续管理30年。已经为每种种群或组合实施了基于科学的过度捕捞水平和可接受的生物捕捞量（ABC），在两者之间设置了缓冲以避免过度捕捞。允许的总捕获量设定为等于或低于可接受的生物捕获量。按季节，地区和渔具类型分配配额的子分配，以及基于广泛的观察员覆盖范围和船只监测的季节性关闭渔业活动，确保不超过配额。为了遵守ACL要求，北太平洋渔业管理委员会已将ABC定义为ACL。我们证明了ACL对东北太平洋底层鱼类成功进行管理的有效性，表明在美国其他渔业中使用ACL可能会减少过度捕捞的风险并增强过度捕捞种群的恢复。

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