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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Changes in the catch composition of artisanal fisheries attributable to dolphin depredation in a Mediterranean marine reserve
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Changes in the catch composition of artisanal fisheries attributable to dolphin depredation in a Mediterranean marine reserve

机译：地中海海洋保护区中海豚的掠夺引起的手工渔业捕捞构成变化

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摘要

There is increasing evidence from previous studies, and from fishers' observations, that coastal dolphins use fishing nets as an easily accessible feeding source, damaging or depredating fish caught in the nets. This study investigates the impact of dolphin depredation on artisanal trammelnets by analysing the catch composition of 614 artisanal fishing operations in the Bonifacio Strait Natural Reserve (France). Common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) attacked, on average, 12.4% of the nets and damaged 8.3% of the catch. However, attacked nets were characterized by statistically significantly higher catch per unit effort than unattacked ones. Catch composition also differed significantly after dolphin attacks; bentho-pelagic fish were more represented and reef-associated fish less represented. Our results suggest that (ⅰ) dolphins are attracted by high fish densities in the fishing area and/or nets, and (ⅱ) their attacks induce specific fish-avoidance behaviour, according to the fish position in the water column. Although dolphins depredate a small part of the catch, damage to nets, not yet assessed in this area, could weaken the benefits that reserves can provide to artisanal fisheries.
机译：从以前的研究以及从渔民的观察中，越来越多的证据表明，沿海海豚使用渔网作为易于获取的饲料来源，破坏或掠夺了渔网中捕获的鱼类。这项研究通过分析Bonifacio海峡自然保护区（法国）的614个手工捕捞作业的渔获物组成，调查了海豚掠食对手工流浪汉的影响。普通的宽吻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）平均攻击网的12.4％，破坏渔获的8.3％。但是，被攻击的渔网的特征在于，与未攻击的渔网相比，每单位努力的渔获量统计上显着更高。海豚袭击后，渔获物组成也显着不同。底栖上层鱼类的代表性较高，而与礁石相关的鱼类的代表性较低。我们的研究结果表明，根据水柱中鱼的位置，（ⅰ）海豚在捕鱼区和/或网中被高密度的鱼所吸引，并且（ⅱ）它们的攻击引起了特定的回避鱼的行为。尽管海豚不赞成捕捞的一小部分，但尚未对该地区进行评估的网的破坏可能会削弱储备金可为手工渔业提供的利益。

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