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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Barriers to movement: impacts of wind farms on migrating birds
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Barriers to movement: impacts of wind farms on migrating birds

机译：行动的障碍：风电场对迁徙鸟类的影响

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摘要

Advances in technology and engineering are enhancing the contribution that wind power makes to renewable energy generation. Wind farms, both operational and in planning, can be expected to impact negatively on wildlife populations, particularly birds. We propose a novel approach to assess the impacts through the energetic costs of avoidance behaviour for a long-distance, migratory seaduck. Flight trajectories were recorded using surveillance radar at a Danish offshore wind farm with emphasis placed on the 200 000+ migrating common eiders that pass through the area annually. Minimum distance to wind farm and curvature of trajectories were compared pre- and post-construction. Additional costs of the avoidance response were estimated using an avian energetic model. The curvature of eider trajectories was greatest post-construction and within 500 m of the wind farm, with a median curvature significantly greater than pre-construction, suggesting that the birds adjusted their flight paths in the presence of the wind farm. Additional distance travelled as a consequence of the wind farm's presence was ca. 500 m and trivial compared with the total costs of a migration episode of 1400 km. However, construction of further wind farms along the migration route could have cumulative effects on the population, especially when considered in combination with other human actions.
机译：技术和工程学的进步正在增强风力发电对可再生能源发电的贡献。预计运营和规划中的风电场都会对野生动植物种群，特别是鸟类造成负面影响。我们提出了一种新颖的方法，通过长途迁徙海鸭的回避行为的高能成本来评估影响。在丹麦的海上风电场使用监视雷达记录了飞行轨迹，重点放在每年通过该地区的20万多名迁徙的普通绒毛上。在施工前和施工后比较了到风电场的最小距离和轨迹曲率。使用禽类精力充沛的模型估算了避免反应的额外费用。绒毛运动轨迹的曲率在施工后最大，并且距风电场500 m以内，中值曲率明显大于施工前，这表明鸟类在有风电场的情况下调整了飞行路线。由于风电场的存在，行进的额外距离约为。相较于1400公里的迁移总成本而言，它只有500 m且微不足道。但是，沿迁徙路线再建风电场可能会对人口产生累积影响，尤其是在与其他人类行为结合考虑时。

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  • 来源
    《ICES Journal of Marine Science》 |2009年第4期|746-753|共8页
  • 作者

    Elizabeth A. Masden; Daniel T. Haydon; Anthony D. Fox; Robert W. Furness; Rhys Bullman; Mark Desholm;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G72 8QQ, Scotland, UK;

    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G72 8QQ, Scotland, UK;

    Department of Wildlife Ecology and Biodiversity, National Environmental Research Institute, University of Aarhus, Grenavej 74, 8470 Ronde, Denmark;

    Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G72 8QQ, Scotland, UK;

    Scottish Natural Heritage, The Beta Centre, Innovation Park, University of Stirling Stirling FK9 4NF, Scotland, UK;

    Department of Wildlife Ecology and Biodiversity, National Environmental Research Institute, University of Aarhus, Grenavej 74, 8470 Ronde, Denmark;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    avoidance behaviour; Baltic Sea; barrier effect; common eider; radar; wind farm;

    机译：回避行为;波罗的海;屏障效应;常见的绒毛;雷达;风电场;

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