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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Acoustic observations of micronekton fish on the scale of an ocean basin: potential and challenges
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Acoustic observations of micronekton fish on the scale of an ocean basin: potential and challenges

机译：海域尺度上的微浮游鱼类的声学观测：潜力和挑战

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Acoustic methods of characterizing micronekton communities (～2 to 20 cm length) on the scale of an ocean basin could provide valuable inputs to ecosystem-based fishery management, marine planning, and monitoring the effects of climate change. The micronekton fish are important forage for top predators (e.g. tunas), and information on their diversity, distribution, size-structure, and abundance is needed to increase accuracy of top-predator distribution and abundance predictions. At the scale of an ocean basin, four years of Tasman Sea transects using a fishing vessel provide fine-scale maps of acoustic backscatter at 38 kHz that reveal detailed spatial patterns and structure to depths of 1200 m. Research-vessel data provide detailed biodiversity, density, size structure, and acoustic-scattering information from depth-stratified net sampling and a lowered acoustic probe. Wet-weight biomass estimates of the micronekton fish in the region vary considerably by a factor of 5-58 between acoustics (16-29 gm~(-2)), nets (1.6 gm~(-2)), and large spatial-scale, ecological models (0.5-3 gm~(-2)). We demonstrate the potential and challenges of an acoustic basin-scale, fishing-vessel monitoring programme, including optical and net sensing, which could assist in characterizing the biodiversity, distribution, and biomass of the micronekton fish.
机译：在海盆规模上表征微群落（长度约2至20厘米）的声学方法可以为基于生态系统的渔业管理，海洋规划和监测气候变化的影响提供有价值的投入。微浮游生物是顶级捕食者（例如金枪鱼）的重要饲料，因此需要有关其多样性，分布，大小结构和丰度的信息，以提高顶级捕食者分布和丰度预测的准确性。在一个海洋盆地的规模上，使用渔船进行的四年塔斯曼海横断面提供了38 kHz的声学后向散射的精细比例图，揭示了1200 m深度的详细空间格局和结构。研究容器数据提供了详细的生物多样性，密度，大小结构以及来自深度分层净采样和降低的声学探头的声散射信息。在声学（16-29 gm〜（-2）），网（1.6 gm〜（-2））和较大的空间噪声之间，该区域微浮游鱼类的湿重生物量估计值相差5-58。规模，生态模型（0.5-3 gm〜（-2））。我们展示了声学流域规模的渔船监测计划（包括光学和网络传感）的潜力和挑战，这些计划可以帮助表征微浮游鱼类的生物多样性，分布和生物量。

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