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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Occurrence and distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on the north coast of the State of Bahia, Brazil, 2000-2006
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Occurrence and distribution of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) on the north coast of the State of Bahia, Brazil, 2000-2006

机译：2000-2006年，巴西巴伊亚州北海岸座头鲸（Megaptera novaeangliae）的发生和分布

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摘要

The Abrolhos Bank off Brazil is considered the main breeding ground for the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in the Southwest Atlantic. However, owing to an increase in the occurrence of the species along the north coast of the State of Bahia, it has been suggested that the species is reoccupying that region, which was probably utilized by the whales before commercial whaling. Information is presented on the occurrence and distribution of humpback whales along the north coast of the State of Bahia, with a comparative overview, for the period 2000-2006. Daily research cruises were conducted from July to October, departing from Praia do Forte (13°40'S 38°10'W) and lasting ～9 h. Data on sampling and sighting effort, and geographical position and composition of groups of humpback whales, were collected on standardized field sheets. In all, 230 surveys were performed, covering some 9740 nautical miles in 1645 h of sampling effort, during which 1626 humpback whales were sighted, including 118 calves. Humpback whales were sighted throughout the study area. Solitary individuals and pairs were the most frequent group composition, 26% and 37% of the observed groups (n = 723), respectively. Depth of water varied from 15 to 1657 m (mean = 62.4; s.d. = 99). The sightings values were grouped into depth classes to ascertain the highest frequencies (～30%) for the two classes, i.e. between 35.1 and 55 m of water. There was an increase in the encounter rates of humpback whales on the north coast of the State of Bahia between 2000 and 2006, identifying a difference in SPUE [sightings per unit (h) of effort] among years (Kruskal-Wallis H = 30.155, d.f. = 6, p < 0.05). The results support the hypothesis that humpback whales are reoccupying former breeding areas along the Brazilian coast.
机译：巴西外的阿伯罗霍斯银行被认为是西南大西洋座头鲸（Megaptera novaeangliae）的主要繁殖地。但是，由于该物种在巴伊亚州北海岸的出现增加了，因此表明该物种正在重新占领该区域，鲸鱼可能在商业捕鲸之前就利用了该区域。报告提供了关于巴伊亚州北海岸沿线座头鲸的发生和分布的信息，并作了比较，概述了2000-2006年期间。每天的研究航行从7月至10月进行，从Praia do Forte（13°40'S 38°10'W）出发，历时约9小时。有关采样和目视工作量，座头鲸群的地理位置和组成的数据已收集到标准化的现场工作表中。总共进行了230次调查，在1645小时的采样时间内覆盖了大约9740海里，在此期间发现了1626头座头鲸，其中包括118头犊牛。整个研究区域都发现了座头鲸。孤独的个体和成对是最常见的群体组成，分别为观察组的26％和37％（n = 723）。水深从15到1657 m不等（平均= 62.4; s.d. = 99）。观测值分为深度等级，以确定这两个等级的最高频率（〜30％），即35.1至55 m之间的水。 2000年至2006年之间，巴伊亚州北海岸的座头鲸相遇率有所增加，这表明几年间SPUE [单位努力小时数（h）的观察值]有所不同（Kruskal-Wallis H = 30.155， df = 6，p <0.05）。结果支持这样的假设，即座头鲸正在重新占领巴西沿岸以前的繁殖地区。

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