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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >A review of the impacts of salmonid farming on marine coastal ecosystems in the southeast Pacific
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A review of the impacts of salmonid farming on marine coastal ecosystems in the southeast Pacific

机译：鲑鱼养殖对东南太平洋海洋沿海生态系统的影响的综述

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摘要

The production of farmed salmonids in Chile reached 550 000 t in 2004. The industry is considered to be consolidated, but with potential for further expansion to the south into pristine coastal areas. The environmental impacts of the salmonid farming industry in Chile were reviewed in 1996, and evidence at that time did not suggest significant adverse effects. However, after almost ten years of sustained growth, current evidence indicates that significant loss of benthic biodiversity and localized changes in the physico-chemical properties of sediments have occurred in areas with salmonid farms. Furthermore, the presence of these farms significantly increases in pulses the density of dinoflagellates. Data suggest that escaped farmed fish may have an impact on native species, although their survival in the wild appears low. The abundance of omnivorous diving and carrion-feeding marine birds increased from twofold to fivefold in areas with salmon farms compared with control areas without them. It is urgent that an ecosystem approach be implemented to assess all impacts of salmonid farming on coastal ecosystems in southern Chile.
机译：智利的养殖鲑鱼产量在2004年达到550万吨。该行业被认为已得到巩固，但有可能进一步向南部扩展到原始沿海地区。 1996年对智利鲑鱼养殖业的环境影响进行了回顾，当时的证据并未表明有明显的不利影响。然而，经过近十年的持续增长，目前的证据表明，在鲑鱼养殖场地区，底栖生物多样性大量损失，沉积物的理化特性发生了局部变化。此外，这些养殖场的存在显着增加了鞭毛鞭毛的密度。数据表明，尽管逃逸的养殖鱼类在野外的存活率较低，但可能会对本地物种产生影响。与没有鲑鱼养殖场的地区相比，在有鲑鱼养殖场的地区，杂食性潜水和喂食腐肉的海鸟的数量从两倍增加到五倍。迫切需要采用一种生态系统方法来评估鲑鱼养殖对智利南部沿海生态系统的所有影响。

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