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首页> 外文期刊>ICES Journal of Marine Science >Temporal-spatial, spectral, and source level distributions of fin whale vocalizations in the Norwegian Sea observed with a coherent hydrophone array
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Temporal-spatial, spectral, and source level distributions of fin whale vocalizations in the Norwegian Sea observed with a coherent hydrophone array

机译：用相干水听器阵列观测到的挪威海中鲸鱼发声的时空，频谱和声源级分布

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摘要

To better understand fin whale vocalization behaviour in the Norwegian and Barents Seas, a large-aperture densely sampled coherent hydrophone array was deployed in late winter 2014 to monitor their vocalizations instantaneously over wide areas via passive ocean acoustic waveguide remote sensing (POAWRS). Here, we (i) provide a time-frequency characterization for different call types observed (20Hz pulses, 130Hz upsweeps, 30-100Hz downsweep chirps, and 18-19Hz backbeats); (ii) compare their relative abundances in three different coastal regions off Alesund, Lofoten, and Northern Finnmark; (iii) estimate the temporal and spatial distributions; (iv) source level distributions; and (v) probability of detection (PoD) regions for the more abundant 20Hz pulse and 130Hz upsweep call types. The fin whale vocalizations received over the diel cycle (24h) were significantly more abundant by a factor of roughly seven off Northern Finnmark than the other two regions, associated with fish feeding activities. The source levels are estimated to be 190.5 +/- 7.4 dB for the fin whale 20Hz pulses and 170.3 +/- 5.2dB for the 130Hz upsweeps. We find that fin whales are capable of producing each vocalization type either independently or simultaneously with other types, and the 20Hz sound production in the fin whales involves a mechanism that generates a significantly less-intense second-order harmonic of the fundamental.
机译：为了更好地了解挪威和巴伦支海中的鲸鱼发声行为，2014年冬末部署了大口径密集采样的相干水听器阵列，以通过无源海洋声波波导遥感（POAWRS）即时监视大范围的发声。在这里，我们（i）提供了观察到的不同呼叫类型的时频特性（20Hz脉冲，130Hz上扫，30-100Hz下扫chi和18-19Hz回拍）； （ii）比较它们在奥勒松，罗弗敦和北芬马克北部三个不同沿海地区的相对丰度； （iii）估计时间和空间分布； （iv）源代码级别的分布； （v）较丰富的20Hz脉冲和130Hz上扫呼叫类型的检测（PoD）区域的概率。在diel周期（24小时）内收到的鲸鱼发声明显多于其他两个地区，与其他两个地区相比，增加了大约五倍，这与鱼类摄食活动有关。鲸鱼20Hz脉冲的声源电平估计为190.5 +/- 7.4 dB，130Hz上扫声的声源电平为170.3 +/- 5.2dB。我们发现长须鲸能够独立或同时与其他类型产生每种发声类型，而长须鲸的20Hz声音产生涉及一种机制，该机制产生的基频二阶谐波明显更低。

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