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首页> 外文期刊>Signal Processing Magazine, IEEE >Calibration challenges for future radio telescopes
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Calibration challenges for future radio telescopes

机译：未来射电望远镜的校准挑战

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Instruments for radio astronomical observations have come a long way. While the first telescopes were based on very large dishes and two-antenna interferometers, current Instruments consist of dozens of steerable dishes, whereas future instruments will be even larger distributed sensor arrays with a hierarchy of phased array elements. For such arrays to provide meaningful output (images), accurate calibration is of critical importance. Calibration must solve for the unknown antenna gains and phases as well as the unknown atmospheric and ionospheric disturbances. Future telescopes will have a large number of elements and a large field of view (FOV). In this case, the parameters are strongly direction-dependent, resulting in a large number of unknown parameters, even if appropriately constrained physical or phenomenological descriptions are used. This makes calibration a daunting parameter-estimation task.
机译：射电天文观测仪器已经走了很长一段路。虽然第一批望远镜是基于非常大的碟形天线和两天线干涉仪，但当前的仪器由数十个可操纵的碟形天线组成，而未来的仪器将是具有相控阵元件层次的更大的分布式传感器阵列。为了使此类阵列提供有意义的输出（图像），准确的校准至关重要。校准必须解决未知的天线增益和相位以及未知的大气和电离层干扰。未来的望远镜将具有大量的元素和广阔的视野（FOV）。在这种情况下，即使使用了适当约束的物理或现象学描述，参数也强烈依赖于方向，从而导致大量未知参数。这使校准成为一项艰巨的参数估算任务。

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