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首页> 外文期刊>Dependable and Secure Computing, IEEE Transactions on >Low Energy Online Self-Test of Embedded Processors in Dependable WSN Nodes
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Low Energy Online Self-Test of Embedded Processors in Dependable WSN Nodes

机译：可靠的WSN节点中的嵌入式处理器的低能耗在线自测

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Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) nodes are often deployed in harsh environments where the possibility of permanent and especially intermittent faults due to environmental hazards is significantly increased, while silicon aging effects are also exacerbated. Thus, online and in-field testing is necessary to guarantee correctness of operation. At the same time, online testing of processors integrated in WSN nodes has the requirement of minimum energy consumption, because these devices operate on battery, cannot be connected to any external power supply, and the battery duration determines the lifetime of the system. Software-Based Self-Test (SBST) has emerged as an effective strategy for online testing of processors integrated in nonsafety critical applications. However, the notion of dependability includes not only reliability but also availability. Thus, in order to encase both aspects we present a methodology for the optimization of SBST routines from the energy perspective. The refined methodology presented in this paper is able to be effectively applied in the case that the SBST routines are not initially available and need to be downloaded to the WSN nodes, as well as the case that the SBST routines are available in a flash memory. The methodology is extended to maximize the energy gains for WSN architectures offering clock gating or Dynamic Frequency Scaling features. Simulation results show that energy savings at processor level are up to 36.5 percent, which depending on the characteristics of the WSN system, can translate in several weeks of increased lifetime, especially if the routines need to be downloaded to the WSN node.
机译：无线传感器网络（WSN）节点通常部署在恶劣的环境中，在这种环境中，由于环境危害而导致的永久性故障，尤其是间歇性故障的可能性大大增加，而硅老化的影响也更加严重。因此，必须进行在线和现场测试以确保操作的正确性。同时，对集成在WSN节点中的处理器进行在线测试具有最低能耗的要求，因为这些设备使用电池供电，无法连接到任何外部电源，并且电池持续时间决定了系统的寿命。基于软件的自测（SBST）已经成为对集成在非安全关键应用中的处理器进行在线测试的有效策略。但是，可靠性的概念不仅包括可靠性，还包括可用性。因此，为了包容这两个方面，我们从能源的角度提出了优化SBST例程的方法。在最初无法使用SBST例程并且需要将其下载到WSN节点的情况下，以及在闪存中可以使用SBST例程的情况下，本文中提出的改进方法可以有效地应用。扩展了该方法，以最大化提供时钟门控或动态频率缩放功能的WSN架构的能量增益。仿真结果表明，在处理器级别的节能高达36.5％，这取决于WSN系统的特性，可以转化为数周的使用寿命，特别是如果需要将例程下载到WSN节点时。

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