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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing >Linear Prediction-Based DOA Estimation for Directional Borehole Radar 3-D Imaging
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Linear Prediction-Based DOA Estimation for Directional Borehole Radar 3-D Imaging

机译：基于线性预测的定向钻孔雷达3D成像DOA估计

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摘要

Directional borehole radar (BR) 3-D imaging is a challenging problem due to its limited observation space within a borehole. We present a linear prediction (LP)-based direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation and a migration-based 3-D imaging algorithm for the directional BR, which is composed of a transmitting antenna and a uniform circular array including four small receiving antennas. Only the azimuth is estimated, while the elevation and the distance are included in the imaging process. LP is a useful tool for DOA estimation in the radar domain, but a single linear array (LA) has azimuth ambiguity in DOA estimation. The four receiving antennas are treated as two orthogonal uniform LAs. The combination of two arrays removes the ambiguity in DOA estimation. In addition, the moving window and the threshold-based estimation increase the calculation efficiency. According to the estimated azimuth angles, the measured signal at each depth is decomposed to the corresponding directions. Therefore, there is a time-series signal in each direction at each depth. After processing the measured signals at all depths, we obtain a 3-D data set that can be used for horizontal-and radial vertical-section displays. Then, the radial vertical-section data are processed by migration which transforms the time domain signal into a wavefield-based 3-D image. Simulated data from a fracture model are used to validate the algorithm, and the reconstructed image can reveal the real model well. It is concluded that the novel method we propose is an effective one with real-time processing capability.
机译：定向钻孔雷达（BR）3-D成像由于其在钻孔内的有限观察空间而成为一个具有挑战性的问题。我们提出了一种基于线性预测（LP）的到达方向（DOA）估计和针对方向性BR的基于迁移的3-D成像算法，该算法由发射天线和包括四个小型接收器的均匀圆形阵列组成天线。仅估计方位角，而在成像过程中包括标高和距离。 LP是用于雷达范围内DOA估计的有用工具，但是单个线性阵列（LA）在DOA估计中具有方位角模糊性。四个接收天线被视为两个正交的均匀LA。两个阵列的组合消除了DOA估计中的歧义。另外，移动窗口和基于阈值的估计提高了计算效率。根据估计的方位角，将每个深度处的测量信号分解为相应的方向。因此，在每个方向上每个深度都有一个时序信号。处理完所有深度的测量信号后，我们获得了可用于水平和径向垂直截面显示的3-D数据集。然后，通过迁移处理径向垂直截面数据，该迁移将时域信号转换为基于波场的3-D图像。来自裂缝模型的模拟数据用于验证算法，重建的图像可以很好地揭示真实模型。结论是，我们提出的新方法是一种具有实时处理能力的有效方法。

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