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首页> 外文期刊>Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on >The High-Altitude MMIC Sounding Radiometer for the Global Hawk Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Instrument Description and Performance
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The High-Altitude MMIC Sounding Radiometer for the Global Hawk Unmanned Aerial Vehicle: Instrument Description and Performance

机译：适用于全球鹰式无人机的高空MMIC探测辐射计：仪器描述和性能

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摘要

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory's High-Altitude Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) Sounding Radiometer (HAMSR) is a 25-channel cross-track scanning microwave sounder with channels near the 60- and 118-GHz oxygen lines and the 183-GHz water-vapor line. It has previously participated in three hurricane field campaigns, namely, CAMEX-4 (2001), Tropical Cloud Systems and Processes (2005), and NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analyses (2006). The HAMSR instrument was recently extensively upgraded for the deployment on the Global Hawk (GH) unmanned aerial vehicle platform. One of the major upgrades is the addition of a front-end low-noise amplifier, developed by JPL, to the 183-GHz channel which reduces the noise in this channel to less than 0.1 K at the sensor resolution ($sim$2 km). This will enable HAMSR to observe much smaller scale water-vapor features. Another major upgrade is an enhanced data system that provides onboard science processing capability and real-time data access. HAMSR has been well characterized, including passband characterization, along-scan bias characterization, and calibrated noise-performance characterization. The absolute calibration is determined in-flight and has been estimated to be better than 1.5 K from previous campaigns. In 2010, HAMSR participated in the NASA Genesis and Rapid Intensification Processes campaign on the GH to study tropical cyclone genesis and rapid intensification. HAMSR-derived products include observations of the atmospheric state through retrievals of temperature, water-vapor, and cloud-liquid-water profiles. Other products include convective intensity, precipitation content, and 3-D storm structure.
机译：喷气推进实验室的高空单片微波集成电路（MMIC）测深辐射计（HAMSR）是25通道交叉轨迹扫描微波测深仪，其通道在60和118 GHz氧气管线附近以及183 GHz水蒸气附近线。它先前参加了三场飓风活动，即CAMEX-4（2001年），热带云系统和过程（2005年）和NASA非洲季风多学科分析（2006年）。 HAMSR仪器最近经过了广泛升级，可以部署在Global Hawk（GH）无人机平台上。一项重大升级是在183 GHz通道上增加了由JPL开发的前端低噪声放大器，该通道在传感器分辨率下将该通道的噪声降低到小于0.1 K（$ sim $ 2 km） 。这将使HAMSR能够观察到更小的水蒸气特征。另一个重大升级是增强的数据系统，该系统提供了机载科学处理功能和实时数据访问。 HAMSR具有良好的特性，包括通带特性，沿扫描偏置特性和校准的噪声性能特性。绝对校准是在飞行过程中确定的，并且据估计比先前的战役还要好于1.5K。 2010年，HAMSR参加了GH上的NASA创世纪和快速集约过程运动，以研究热带气旋的成因和快速集约。 HAMSR衍生的产品包括通过检索温度，水蒸气和云-液-水剖面来观测大气状态。其他产品包括对流强度，降水量和3-D风暴结构。

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