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首页> 外文期刊>Geoscience and Remote Sensing, IEEE Transactions on >Satellite Retrievals of Arctic and Equatorial Rain and Snowfall Rates Using Millimeter Wavelengths
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Satellite Retrievals of Arctic and Equatorial Rain and Snowfall Rates Using Millimeter Wavelengths

机译：使用毫米波波长的卫星检索北极和赤道降雨和降雪率

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摘要

A new global precipitation retrieval algorithm for the millimeter-wave Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit is presented that also retrieves Arctic precipitation rates over surface snow and ice. This algorithm improves upon its predecessor by excluding some surface-sensitive channels and by reducing the number of principal components (PCs) used to represent those that remain. The training sets were also modified to better represent cold regions. The algorithm still incorporates conversion of brightness temperatures to nadir, spatial filtering to better detect pixels scattering near 54 GHz, PC filtering of surface effects, and use of separate neural networks trained with the fifth-generation National Center for Atmospheric Research/Penn State Mesoscale Model (MM5) for land and sea, where warm and cold ocean are now treated differently. The validity of the snowfall detections is supported by nearly coincident CloudSat radar observations, and the physics of the model is largely validated by the reasonable agreement in annual precipitation obtained for 231 globally distributed rain gauges, including many at latitudes where snowfall dominates. Observed annual global precipitation statistics are also presented to permit comparisons with other algorithms and sensors.
机译：提出了一种用于毫米波高级微波探测单元的新的全球降水量检索算法，该算法还可以检索表层冰雪上的北极降水率。通过排除一些表面敏感通道并减少用于表示剩余的主成分（PC）的数量，此算法对其前身进行了改进。还对训练集进行了修改，以更好地表示寒冷地区。该算法仍将亮度温度转换为最低点，进行空间滤波以更好地检测在54 GHz附近的像素散射，对表面效应进行PC滤波，并使用由第五代国家大气研究中心/潘恩州中尺度模型训练的单独神经网络（MM5）用于陆地和海洋，现在对温暖和寒冷的海洋有所不同。几乎同时发生的CloudSat雷达观测结果证实了降雪检测的有效性，并且该模型的物理原理在很大程度上得益于对231个全球分布雨量计（包括许多降雪占主导地位的纬度）获得的年降水量的合理协议。还提供了观测到的年度全球降水统计数据，以便与其他算法和传感器进行比较。

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