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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing >Hydrotope-Based Protocol to Determine Average Soil Moisture Over Large Areas for Satellite Calibration and Validation With Results From an Observation Campaign in the Volta Basin, West Africa
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Hydrotope-Based Protocol to Determine Average Soil Moisture Over Large Areas for Satellite Calibration and Validation With Results From an Observation Campaign in the Volta Basin, West Africa

机译：基于水位的协议，用于确定大范围内的平均土壤湿度，以进行卫星校准和验证，并获得西非沃尔特盆地观测活动的结果

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In West Africa, which is an extremely moisture-limited region, soil water information plays a vital role in hydrologic and meteorologic modeling for improved water resource planning and food security. Recent and upcoming satellite missions, such as SMOS and MetOp, hold promise for the regional observation of soil moisture. The resolution of the satellites is relatively coarse $(> 100 hbox{km}^{2})$ , which brings with it the need for large-scale soil moisture information for calibration and validation purposes. We put forward a soil moisture sampling protocol based on hydrotopes. Hydrotopes are defined as landscape units that show internally consistent hydrologic behavior. This hydrotope analysis helps in the following ways: 1) by ensuring statistically reliable validation via the reduction of the overall pixel variance and 2) by improving sampling schemes for ground truthing by reducing the chance of sampling bias. As a sample application, we present data from three locations with different moisture regimes within the Volta Basin during both dry and wet periods. Results show that different levels of reduction in the overall pixel variance of soil moisture are obtained, depending on the general moisture status. With respect to the distinction between the different hydrotope units, it is shown that under intermediate moisture conditions, the distinction between the different hydrotope units is highest, whereas extremely dry or wet conditions tend to have a homogenizing effect on the spatial soil moisture distribution. This paper confirms that well-defined hydrotope units yield an improvement at pixel-scale soil moisture averages that can easily be applied.
机译：在水分极度有限的西非，土壤水信息在水文和气象学建模中至关重要，以改善水资源规划和粮食安全。 SMOS和MetOp等近期和即将进行的卫星飞行任务有望在区域内观测土壤湿度。卫星的分辨率相对较粗$（> 100 hbox {km} ^ {2}）$ ，因此需要大规模的土壤湿度信息以进行校准和验证。我们提出了基于水位的土壤水分采样方案。水面被定义为显示内部一致的水文行为的景观单元。这种水面分析以下列方式提供帮助：1）通过减少总体像素方差来确保统计上可靠的验证，以及2）通过减少采样偏差的机会来改进地面真实情况的采样方案。作为示例应用程序，我们提供了伏打盆地在干燥和潮湿时期三个不同湿度地区的数据。结果表明，根据总体水分状况，土壤水分总体像素方差的降低程度有所不同。关于不同水位单元之间的区别，表明在中等湿度条件下，不同水位单元之间的区别是最高的，而极端干燥或潮湿的条件则倾向于对空间土壤水分分布产生均质作用。本文证实，定义明确的水位单元可以改善像素级土壤平均湿度，可以轻松应用。

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